The trans-kingdom identification of negative regulators of pathogen hypervirulence.
The trans-kingdom identification of negative regulators of pathogen hypervirulence.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/femsre/fuv042
复制
发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Hammond-Kosack KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown NA;Urban M;Hammond-Kosack KE
现代社会和全球生态系统日益受到病原体的威胁，病原体导致人类、动物、无脊椎动物和植物的大量疾病。越来越令人关注的是，病原体毒力增加的跨王国趋势开始出现在自然、临床和农业环境中。致病性的研究揭示了多个收敛进化的毒力机制的例子。最初被描述为罕见的，但越来越常见的是相互作用，其中一个致病物种中的单个基因缺失导致高毒力。本综述利用病原体-宿主相互作用数据库（www.PHI-base.org）从37种病原体中鉴定出112种超毒力突变，并随后询问引起超毒力的跨王国、保守、分子、生化和细胞主题。本研究调查了22种动物和15种植物病原体，包括17种细菌和17种真菌。最后，讨论了超毒力负调控因子的进化意义和跨界需求，以及病原体超毒力和新兴传染病对社会的影响。这一跨王国的发病机制的审查确定了保守的分子主题背后的高毒力，并讨论了进化意义的负调节器的高毒力在动物和植物宿主及其对社会的影响。
Modern society and global ecosystems are increasingly under threat from pathogens, which cause a plethora of human, animal, invertebrate and plant diseases. Of increasing concern is the trans-kingdom tendency for increased pathogen virulence that is beginning to emerge in natural, clinical and agricultural settings. The study of pathogenicity has revealed multiple examples of convergently evolved virulence mechanisms. Originally described as rare, but increasingly common, are interactions where a single gene deletion in a pathogenic species causes hypervirulence. This review utilised the pathogen–host interaction database (www.PHI-base.org) to identify 112 hypervirulent mutations from 37 pathogen species, and subsequently interrogates the trans-kingdom, conserved, molecular, biochemical and cellular themes that cause hypervirulence. This study investigates 22 animal and 15 plant pathogens including 17 bacterial and 17 fungal species. Finally, the evolutionary significance and trans-kingdom requirement for negative regulators of hypervirulence and the implication of pathogen hypervirulence and emerging infectious diseases on society are discussed. This trans-kingdom review of pathogenesis identifies the conserved molecular themes behind hypervirulence, and discusses the evolutionary significance for negative regulators of hypervirulence in animal and plant hosts and their implication on society.