Book Reviews
Book Reviews
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/13669870600899091
复制
发表时间：
2007-04
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
E. Hollnagel;David D. Woods
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Hollnagel;David D. Woods
这两本书由Erik Hollnagel和大卫Woods撰写，其历史背景是近几十年来技术力量的增长，以及由此产生的人机系统（如发电厂和运输系统）工作的转变。这些变化要求从人类操作员的角度更好地理解和设计系统。作者最初在20世纪80年代初制定了认知系统工程（CSE），最终目标是设计联合认知系统（JCS），可以有效地控制它们必须发挥作用的情况。JCS是CSE的一个基本概念，通过它，人机集成被视为一个单一的功能实体。应用CSE的一个关键好处是增强了系统安全性。“联合认知系统：认知系统工程的基础”（以下简称为JCS-Foundations）将CSE描述为人机系统研究的概念和方法基础。写这本书的主要责任在于埃里克Hollnagel。“联合认知系统：《认知系统工程中的模式》（以下简称为JCSPatteries）强调CSE中的研究和设计方法，主要由大卫伍兹撰写。这两本书可以独立阅读，但又是互补的。两者都是感兴趣的学生，教育工作者，工程师和研究人员感兴趣的性能和安全的人机系统。CSE发展的驱动力是：a）社会技术系统日益复杂，B）由于笨拙地使用新兴技术而导致的问题、故障和事故，以及c）信息处理范式的局限性。这种范式长期以来为人机系统的研究提供了基础，其特征在于JCS-Foundations。Shannon-Weaver通信模型和刺激-机体-反应（S-O-R）框架对其发展的影响被强调，包括强调人与机器之间的交互。虽然认识到这种方法提供了一种非常有价值的思考方式，但书评杂志风险研究第10卷，第3期，413-421页，2007年4月
The historical backdrop to these two books by Erik Hollnagel and David Woods is growth in the power of technology over recent decades and the resulting transformations of work in human-machine systems, such as power plants and transport systems. These changes created a requirement to better understand and design systems from the perspective of the human operator. The authors originally formulated Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE) in the early 1980s with the ultimate objective of designing joint cognitive systems (JCSs) that can effectively control the situations in which they have to function. The JCS is a fundamental concept of CSE, through which a human-machine ensemble is seen as a single functional entity. A key benefit of the application of CSE is enhanced system safety. ‘‘Joint Cognitive Systems: Foundations of Cognitive Systems Engineering’’ (referred to hereafter as JCS-Foundations) characterizes CSE as a conceptual and methodological basis for research on human-machine systems. The main responsibility for writing this book lay with Erik Hollnagel. ‘‘Joint Cognitive Systems: Patterns in Cognitive Systems Engineering’’ (referred to hereafter as JCSPatterns) emphasizes approaches to research and design in CSE and was written primarily by David Woods. The two books can be read independently of each other, but are complementary. Both are of interest to students, educators, engineers and researchers interested in the performance and safety of humanmachine systems. The driving forces for the development of CSE were a) the growing complexity of socio-technical systems, b) the problems, failures, and accidents resulting from a clumsy use of emerging technologies, and c) limitations of the information processing paradigm. That paradigm, which has long provided a basis for the study of human-machine systems, is characterized in JCS-Foundations. The influences of the Shannon-Weaver communication model and the stimulusorganism-response (S-O-R) framework upon its development are highlighted, including a stress on interaction between human and machine. While recognizing that this approach has provided an enormously valuable way of thinking about Book Reviews Journal of Risk Research Vol. 10, No. 3, 413–421, April 2007