Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 isolated from Denmark and comparison with isolates from Europe and the United States
Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 isolated from Denmark and comparison with isolates from Europe and the United States
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DOI：
10.1128/jcm.38.4.1581-1586.2000
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Aarestrup, FM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baggesen, DL;Sandvang, D;Aarestrup, FM
通过抗菌素耐药性分析、质粒分析、限制性内切酶 XbaI 和 BlnI 脉冲场凝胶电泳 (PFGE) 以及分析是否存在以下方法，对来自丹麦 (n = 93)、德国 (n = 10)、意大利 (n = 4)、西班牙 (n = 5) 和英国 (n = 9) 的总共 136 株鼠伤寒沙门氏菌分离株进行了表征。整合子和抗生素抗性基因。来自丹麦的分离株来自九个猪群，而来自其他国家的分离株既有动物来源，也有人类来源。除 10 株外，所有菌株均对氨苄西林、氯霉素、壮观霉素、链霉素、磺胺类药物和四环素具有耐药性。来自英国和西班牙的 5 株分离株对所有检查的抗生素均敏感，而来自英国和美国的 4 株分离株也对一种或多种抗生素（即庆大霉素、新霉素和甲氧苄啶）具有耐药性。当使用 XbaI 限制性酶时，除两个菌株外，所有菌株都具有相同的 PFGE 图谱，而当使用 BlnI 限制性酶时，观察到七个不同的图谱。与在美国分离株中观察到的类型相比，在欧洲分离株中观察到了不同的主要 BlnI 类型。所有分离株均单独或与较小质粒组合含有常见的 95 kb 质粒，总共观察到 11 种不同的质粒谱。此外，除了一个之外，所有多重耐药分离株都含有两个整合子：ant(3”)-Ia和pse-1，敏感分离株不含有整合子，而对壮观霉素、链霉素和磺胺类药物不耐药的分离株仅含有一个含有ant(3”)-Ia的整合子。当使用限制性酶 BlnI 时，来自丹麦 9 个牛群之一的 14 个分离株显示出独特的特征，而来自其余牛群的分离株是同质的。在来自 9 个猪群中的 7 个的分离株中，观察到相同的质粒谱 (95 kb)，但来自两个猪群的分离株具有不同的谱。因此，PFGE（使用 BlnI）或质粒谱分析可以区分来自丹麦 9 个猪群中的 3 个的分离株。应用的流行病学标记（抗菌药物敏感性测试、质粒分析和 PFGE）在丹麦牛群中表现出较高的体内稳定性。这可能表明一些不同菌株的多重耐药性肠沙门氏菌血清型鼠伤寒DT104已被引入丹麦食用动物群中。来自六个不同国家的分离株具有相似的 PFGE 与 XbaI 分析结果以及 PFGE 与 BlnI 分析结果高度同质的分析结果，表明多重耐药肠沙门氏菌血清变种 DT104 可能已在这些国家进行克隆传播。然而，通过使用质粒分析和 PFGE 与 BlnI 分析可以观察到一些微小的变化。因此，对 DT104 菌株进行更灵敏的分型技术和更广泛的调查可能有助于阐明 DT104 在世界不同地区的流行病学传播。
A total of 136 isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 from Denmark (n = 93), Germany (n = 10), Italy (n = 4), Spain (n = 5), and the United Kingdom (n = 9) were characterized by antimicrobial resistance analysis, plasmid profiling, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with the restriction enzymes XbaI and BlnI, and analysis for the presence of integrons and antibiotic resistance genes. The isolates from Denmark were from nine pig herds, while the isolates from other countries were both of animal and of human origin. All but 10 isolates were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, spectinomycin, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline. Five isolates from the United Kingdom and Spain were sensitive to all antibiotics examined, whereas four isolates from the United Kingdom and the United States were also resistant to one or more of the antibiotics, namely, gentamicin, neomycin, and trimethoprim. All but two strains had the same PFGE profiles when the XbaI restriction enzyme was used, while seven different profiles were observed when the BlnI restriction enzyme was used. Different dominating BlnI types were observed among European isolates compared with the types observed among those from the United States. All the isolates harbored common 95-kb plasmids either alone or in combination with smaller plasmids, and a total of 11 different plasmid profiles were observed. Furthermore, all but one of the multidrug-resistant isolates contained two integrons, ant (3 ")-Ia and pse-l, Sensitive isolates contained no integrons, and isolates that n ere resistant to spectinomycin, streptomycin, and sulfonamides had only one integron containing ant (3 ")-Ia. When restriction enzyme BlnI was used, the 14 isolates from one of the nine herds in Denmark showed unique profiles, whereas isolates from the remaining herds were homogeneous. Among isolates from seven of nine herds, the same plasmid profile (95 kb) was observed, but isolates from two herds had different profiles, Thus, either PFGE (with BlnI) or plasmid profiling could distinguish isolates from three of nine pig herds in Denmark. The epidemiological markers (antimicrobial susceptibility testing, plasmid profiling, and PFGE) applied demonstrated high in vivo stability in the Danish herds. This may indicate that some different strains of multidrug-resistant S. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 have been introduced into Danish food animal herds. The presence of isolates from six different countries with similar profiles by PFGE with XbaI and highly homogeneous profiles by PFGE with BlnI indicate that multidrug-resistant S. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 has probably been spread clonally in these countries. However, some minor variation could be observed by using plasmid profiling and profiling by PFGE with BlnI. Thus, a more sensitive technique for subtyping of strains of DT104 and a broader investigation may help in elucidating the epidemiological spread of DT104 in different parts of the world.