PARENTAL EFFECTS AND PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTATIONS THAT AFFECT EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS
PARENTAL EFFECTS AND PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTATIONS THAT AFFECT EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS
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DOI：
10.1016/0012-1606(80)90445-5
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
HIRSH, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WOOD, WB;HECHT, R;HIRSH, D
对24个温度敏感的线虫胚致死突变体进行了亲本效应的遗传测定。优雅的。对于这些突变体中的21个，野生型等位基因的母体表达足以使胚胎存活，而不管胚胎的基因型如何。对于这21个突变体中的11个，野生型等位基因的母体表达是胚胎存活所必需的（严格母体）。对于其余10个，母体或胚胎表达足以存活（部分母体）。一个突变体显示出父系效应;即，野生型基因外精子功能似乎拯救了纯合突变胚胎。对11个幼虫致死突变体进行了类似的亲本效应试验。在4个突变体中，其中1个在孵化后的第2个幼虫阶段阻断，母体的贡献仍然可以拯救突变体幼虫。其余3只胚胎致死和8只幼虫致死未显示亲本效应;即，野生型等位基因的合子表达对于胚胎存活是必需的和足够的。胚胎致死胚胎的温度变化实验表明，除了1个严格的母体突变体是温度敏感的，只有在原肠胚形成。其中一个部分母系突变体在原肠胚形成前对温度敏感，这表明某些合子基因在胚胎发生早期就能发挥作用。在非允许的温度下，7个严格的母体突变体在早期分裂中显示出分裂异常或在少于100个细胞时停止分裂，或两者兼而有之。
Genetic tests for parental effects were performed on 24 temperature-sensitive embryonic-lethal mutants of the nematode C. elegans. For 21 of these mutants, maternal expression of the wild-type allele is sufficient for embryonic survival, regardless of the embryo''s genotype. For 11 of these 21 mutants, maternal expression of the wild-type allele is necessary for embryonic survival (strict maternals). For the remaining 10, either maternal or embryonic expression is sufficient for survival (partial maternals). One mutant shows a paternal effect; i.e., a wild-type extragenic sperm function appears to rescue homozygous mutant embryos. Similar parental-effect tests were performed on 11 larval-lethal mutants. In 4 mutants, 1 of which blocks as late as the 2nd larval stage after hatching, maternal contributions still can rescue mutant larvae. The remaining 3 embryonic lethals and 8 larval lethals show no parental effects; i.e., zygotic expression of the wild-type allele is necessary and sufficient for embryonic survival. Temperature-shift experiments on embryonic-lethal embryos showed that all but 1 of the strict maternal mutants are temperature sensitive only before gastrulation. One of the partial maternal mutants is temperature sensitive prior to gastrulation, suggesting that some zygotic genes can function early in embryogenesis. At the nonpermissive temperature, 7 of the strict maternal mutants either show cleavage abnormalities in early divisions or stop cleavage at less than 100 cells, or both.