The force of selection on the human life cycle
The force of selection on the human life cycle
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DOI：
10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2009.01.005
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Jones, James Holland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jones, James Holland
在这篇文章中，我提出了一个强大的和相当普遍的力量选择对人类生命周期的证据。尽管人口统计学上存在着巨大的多样性，但选择的力量对人类生活史的影响是显著不变的。人类的生命史是高度结构化的，死亡率和生育率在整个生命周期中发生着巨大变化。这种结构需要使用结构化的人口模型来理解人类的生活史进化。使用这种结构化的模型，我发现，重要的健身率是最敏感的是prereproductive生存概率，特别是0至4岁的儿童的生存。事实上，选择的优势福尔斯落在与招募相关的过渡上，再加上人类生命周期中第一次繁殖的年龄较晚，这就造成了招募的适应性瓶颈。正因为如此，拮抗性多效性与任何性状，减损从组成过渡到招聘是预期的。我探讨了早期生存选择力变化的预测因素。高生育率增加了对早期生存率的选择性溢价，而出生时的高预期寿命则降低了这一溢价。All rights reserved.
In this article, I present evidence for a robust and quite general force of selection on the human life cycle. The force of selection acts in remarkably invariant ways on human life histories, despite a great abundance of demographic diversity. Human life histories are highly structured, with mortality and fertility changing substantially through the life cycle. This structure necessitates the use of structured population models to understand human life history evolution. Using such structured models, I find that the vital rates to which fitness is most sensitive are prereproductive survival probabilities, particularly the survival of children ages 0 to 4 years. The fact that the preponderance of selection falls on transitions related to recruitment combined with the late age at first reproduction characteristic of the human life cycle creates a fitness bottleneck out of recruitment. Because of this, antagonistic pleiotropy with any trait that detracts from the constituent transitions to recruitment is expected. I explore the predictors of variation in the force of selection on early survival. High fertility increases the selective premium placed on early survivorship, whereas high life expectancy at birth decreases it. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.