Structural Diversity and Bioactivities of Peptaibol Compounds From the Longibrachiatum Clade of the Filamentous Fungal Genus Trichoderma
Structural Diversity and Bioactivities of Peptaibol Compounds From the Longibrachiatum Clade of the Filamentous Fungal Genus Trichoderma
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.01434
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发表时间：
2019-06-26
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Kredics, Laszlo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marik, Tamas;Tyagi, Chetna;Kredics, Laszlo
本研究检查了由来自丝状真菌木霉属（Trichoderma genus）的遗传学分离的Longibrachiatum进化枝的物种产生的哌哌醇化合物的结构多样性和生物活性，所述丝状真菌木霉属包含几种生物技术、农业和临床上重要的物种。HPLC-ESI-MS分析了17种长臂藻（Longibrachiatum Clade，T. aethiopicum，T. andinense，T. capillare，T.桔绿素T. effusum，T. flagellatum，T. Ghanense，T. konilangbra，T. longibrachiatum，长臂T. novae-zelanovich，T. pinnatum，T. parareesei，T.拟康宁T. reesei，T. saturnisporum，T. sinensis和T. Orientale）揭示了几种新的和复发的20-残基肽酶，其与毛杆菌素、副孢菌素、suzukacillins、土星孢菌素、金黄色孢菌素、红孢菌素、长杆菌素、hyporientalins、红孢菌素、trilongins、变霉素、毛孢菌素、胶溶菌素、alamethicins和hyporiacillins相关，以及来自新的肽酶亚家族的8个19-残基序列，该新的肽酶亚家族名为短孢菌素。非核糖体肽合成酶基因从长臂藻进化枝的可用基因组序列中挖掘。它们的注释和产物预测是在计算机中进行的，并且显示关于基于特征序列预测的氨基酸和掺入的检测到的氨基酸的20个位置中的11个位置完全一致。进行分子动力学模拟以用于四个选择的peptaibol序列的结构表征：副胞菌素B、H和它们的19个残基对应物短胞菌素I和IV。短纤维素中R6位的缺失导致每个残基具有比paracelsins形成的结构更高的原子波动的更小的螺旋结构。我们观察到形成高度弯曲，几乎发夹状，螺旋结构的整个轨迹，沿着与线性构象。对纯化的T. reesei对临床和植物病理学上重要的丝状真菌、哺乳动物细胞和拟南芥幼苗的作用。猪肾细胞和猪精子被证明是敏感的纯化peptaibol提取物。0.3mg·ml ~（-1）浓度的培泰伯醇对A. thaliana.然而，在低于0.1mg/ml的浓度下未检测到对植物的负面影响，其仍然可以抑制植物病原丝状真菌，这表明本文报道的这些肽可以用于植物保护。
This study examined the structural diversity and bioactivity of peptaibol compounds produced by species from the phylogenetically separated Longibrachiatum Clade of the filamentous fungal genus Trichoderma, which contains several biotechnologically, agriculturally and clinically important species. HPLC-ESI-MS investigations of crude extracts from 17 species of the Longibrachiatum Clade (T. aethiopicum, T. andinense, T. capillare, T. citrinoviride, T. effusum, T. flagellatum, T. ghanense, T. konilangbra, T. longibrachiatum, T. novae-zelandiae, T. pinnatum, T. parareesei, T. pseudokoningii, T. reesei, T. saturnisporum, T. sinensis, and T. orientale) revealed several new and recurrent 20-residue peptaibols related to trichobrachins, paracelsins, suzukacillins, saturnisporins, trichoaureocins, trichocellins, longibrachins, hyporientalins, trichokonins, trilongins, metanicins, trichosporins, gliodeliquescins, alamethicins and hypophellins, as well as eight 19-residue sequences from a new subfamily of peptaibols named brevicelsins. Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase genes were mined from the available genome sequences of the Longibrachiatum Clade. Their annotation and product prediction were performed in silico and revealed full agreement in 11 out of 20 positions regarding the amino acids predicted based on the signature sequences and the detected amino acids incorporated. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed for structural characterization of four selected peptaibol sequences: paracelsins B, H and their 19-residue counterparts brevicelsins I and IV. Loss of position R6 in brevicelsins resulted in smaller helical structures with higher atomic fluctuation for every residue than the structures formed by paracelsins. We observed the formation of highly bent, almost hairpin-like, helical structures throughout the trajectory, along with linear conformation. Bioactivity tests were performed on the purified peptaibol extract of T. reesei on clinically and phytopathologically important filamentous fungi, mammalian cells, and Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Porcine kidney cells and boar spermatozoa proved to be sensitive to the purified peptaibol extract. Peptaibol concentrations = 0.3mg ml-1 deterred the growth of A. thaliana. However, negative effects to plants were not detected at concentrations below 0.1 mg ml(-1), which could still inhibit plant pathogenic filamentous fungi, suggesting that those peptaibols reported here may have applications for plant protection.