Auxiliary Genes of Baculoviruses
Auxiliary Genes of Baculoviruses
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4899-1834-5_11
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发表时间：
1997
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. O'reilly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. O'reilly
对病毒编码的基因的考虑表明，它们可以根据功能分为两大类。首先，所有病毒都携带对自身繁殖至关重要的基因。除了编码病毒结构蛋白的基因外，这些基因的功能还包括确保病毒基因的表达、基因组的复制、子代病毒颗粒的组装和释放以及病毒向新宿主的有效传播。具有小基因组的病毒通过破坏宿主细胞的机制来实现许多这些功能。许多小病毒只携带这些基本基因。更大的基因组大小的进化使病毒能够携带更广泛的基因。其中许多仍然是必不可少的基因，通常用于减少病毒对宿主细胞的依赖性，因此，许多较大的病毒编码部分或全部自己的转录机制，基因组复制机制，等等。然而，除了这些额外的必需基因外，更大的基因组大小使病毒能够携带第二类基因，这里称为辅助基因。这些基因不是病毒复制所必需的，但却为病毒提供了一些选择优势。杆状病毒基因组是最大的病毒基因组之一，因此可以编码多种辅助基因。本章的目的是回顾其中一些功能。杆状病毒辅助基因的数量已经确定排除了讨论所有他们在一个单一的章节。在任何情况下，对于其中一些基因，很少或根本没有可能的功能信息，因此
A consideration of the genes encoded by viruses suggests that they can be divided into two broad groups based on functions. First, all viruses carry genes essential for their own propagation. In addition to genes encoding viral structural proteins, these also include genes whose function is to ensure the expression of viral genes, the replication of its genome, the assembly and release of progeny virus particles, and the effective transmission of the virus to a new host. Viruses with small genomes achieve many of these functions by subverting the machinery of the host cell. Many small viruses only carry these essential genes.The evolution of larger genome size enables a virus to carry a wider range of genes. Many of these are still essential genes, often serving to reduce the dependency of the virus on its host celL Thus, many larger viruses encode some or all of their own transcription machinery, genome replication machinery, and so forth. However, in addition to these extra essential genes, larger genome size enables the virus to carry genes of a second class, designated here as auxiliary genes. Such genes are not essential for viral replication, but nonetheless provide it with some selective advantage. Baculovirus genomes are among the largest of viral genomes, and thus can be expected to encode a large variety of auxiliary genes. It is the purpose of this chapter to review the functions of some of them. The number of baculovirus auxiliary genes already identified precludes the discussion of all of them in a single chapter. In any case, for some of these genes, there is little or no information on possible function, and thus