THE EFFECTS OF OWL PREDATION ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF HETEROMYID RODENTS
THE EFFECTS OF OWL PREDATION ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF HETEROMYID RODENTS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00377036
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发表时间：
1988-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
WIRTZ, WO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROWN, JS;KOTLER, BP;WIRTZ, WO
研究人员已经记录了微生境分区之间的heteromyid啮齿类动物的北美沙漠，可能会导致微生境特定的捕食率;大型/两足物种占主导地位的开放/危险的微生境和小型/quandrupedal物种占主导地位的灌木/更安全的微生境。在这里，我们提供了直接的实验证据的捕食风险的作用，影响觅食行为的三种heteromyid啮齿动物：亚利桑那州口袋小鼠（Perognathus amplus;小/四足），贝利的口袋小鼠（P. baileyi;大/四足），和梅里亚姆的袋鼠（Dipodomys merriami;大/双足）。袋鼠鼠和口袋鼠的行为都很灵活，能够根据夜间捕食风险的变化调整它们的觅食行为。在低水平的感知捕食风险的袋鼠鼠觅食相对更多的开放的微生境比两个口袋小鼠物种。然而，为了应对仓鸮的存在，这三个物种都将其栖息地的使用转向了灌木微生境。在直接措施的掠夺性风险，即猫头鹰的实际存在，所有三个物种减少觅食，并留下资源补丁在较高的放弃密度的种子。在回应捕食风险的间接指标，即照明，有一个趋势，所有三个物种，以减少觅食。袋鼠和袋鼠鼠在形态上的差异似乎确实影响了它们对捕食风险的行为反应。
Researchers have documented microhabitat partitioning among the heteromyid rodents of the deserts of North America that may result from microhabitat specific predation rates; large/bipedal species predominate in the open/risky microhabitat and small/quandrupedal species predominate in the bush/safer microhabitat. Here, we provide direct experimental evidence on the role of predatory risk in affecting the foraging behavior of three species of heteromyid rodents: Arizona pocket mouse (Perognathus amplus; small/quadrupedal), Bailey''s pocket mouse (P. baileyi; large/quadrupedal), and Merriam''s kangaroo at (Dipodomys merriami; large/bipedal). Both kangaroo rats and pocket mice are behaviorally flexible and able to adjust their foraging behavior to nightly changes in predatory risk. Under low levels of perceived predatory risk the kangaroo rat foraged relatively more in the open microhabitat than the two pocket mouse species. In response to the presence of barn owls, however, all three species shifted their habitat use towards the bush microhabitat. In response to direct measures of predatory risk, i.e. the actual presence of owls, all three species reduced foraging and left resource patches at higher giving up densities of seeds. In response to indirect indicators of predatory risk, i.e. illumination, there wa a tendency for all three species to reduce foraging. The differences in morphology between pocket mice and kangaroo rats do appear to influence their behavioral responses to predatory risk.