Microbial composition of human appendices from patients following appendectomy.
Microbial composition of human appendices from patients following appendectomy.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00366-12
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发表时间：
2013-01-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Ross RP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guinane CM;Tadrous A;Fouhy F;Ryan CA;Dempsey EM;Murphy B;Andrews E;Cotter PD;Stanton C;Ross RP
人类的阑尾历来被认为是进化发展的遗迹，具有未知的功能。虽然关于阑尾的微生物组成的数据有限，但人们推测，在必要时，该器官可以作为微生物储存库，用于重新填充胃肠道。我们的目标是通过对16S rRNA基因V4区域的高通量测序来探索人类阑尾的微生物组成。这项研究包括7名患者，年龄在5岁到25岁之间，表现为急性阑尾炎的症状。结果表明，阑尾样本的微生物组成具有相当大的多样性和个体间的差异性。然而，一般而言，Firmicuts是优势门，大多数额外的序列在不同的水平上被分配给变形杆菌、拟杆菌、放线杆菌和梭杆菌。然而，尽管在附录中发现的微生物区系具有很大的多样性，但发现少数几个主要的科和属构成了目前存在的大多数序列。有趣的是，在阑尾样本中还发现了一些通常与人体肠道无关的分类群，包括口腔病原体Gemella、Parvimonas和梭杆菌。梭杆菌等属的流行也可能与器官炎症的严重程度有关。我们的结论是，人的阑尾包含一个强大而多样的微生物区系，与人类微生物组中其他生态位中的微生物区系不同。人类阑尾的微生物组成具有极大的变异性，由多种生物群组成，这些生物群可能在人类健康中发挥重要的、迄今尚不清楚的作用。目前关于人体阑尾微生物成分的数据有限。然而，有人认为，它可能是共生细菌的“安全屋”，可以在需要时重新插入肠道。本研究是通过高通量测序确定的阑尾微生物组成的第一个综合视图。我们已经确定，人类的阑尾含有丰富的微生物，包括15个门的成员。有关阑尾相关细菌多样性的重要信息将有助于确定阑尾微生物区系在人类健康中的作用。
The human appendix has historically been considered a vestige of evolutionary development with an unknown function. While limited data are available on the microbial composition of the appendix, it has been postulated that this organ could serve as a microbial reservoir for repopulating the gastrointestinal tract in times of necessity. We aimed to explore the microbial composition of the human appendix, using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene V4 region. Seven patients, 5 to 25 years of age, presenting with symptoms of acute appendicitis were included in this study. Results showed considerable diversity and interindividual variability among the microbial composition of the appendix samples. In general, however, Firmicutes was the dominant phylum, with the majority of additional sequences being assigned at various levels to Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. Despite the large diversity in the microbiota found within the appendix, however, a few major families and genera were found to comprise the majority of the sequences present. Interestingly, also, certain taxa not generally associated with the human intestine, including the oral pathogens Gemella, Parvimonas, and Fusobacterium, were identified among the appendix samples. The prevalence of genera such as Fusobacterium could also be linked to the severity of inflammation of the organ. We conclude that the human appendix contains a robust and varied microbiota distinct from the microbiotas in other niches within the human microbiome. The microbial composition of the human appendix is subject to extreme variability and comprises a diversity of biota that may play an important, as-yet-unknown role in human health. There are currently limited data available on the microbial composition of the human appendix. It has been suggested, however, that it may serve as a “safe house” for commensal bacteria that can reinoculate the gut at need. The present study is the first comprehensive view of the microbial composition of the appendix as determined by high-throughput sequencing. We have determined that the human appendix contains a wealth of microbes, including members of 15 phyla. Important information regarding the associated bacterial diversity of the appendix which will help determine the role, if any, the appendix microbiota has in human health is presented.