CONTROL OF THE ROOTKNOT NEMATODE MELOIDOGYNE-JAVANICA BY BACILLUS-CEREUS
CONTROL OF THE ROOTKNOT NEMATODE MELOIDOGYNE-JAVANICA BY BACILLUS-CEREUS
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DOI：
10.1080/09583159309355267
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
SPIEGEL, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
OKA, Y;CHET, I;SPIEGEL, Y
爪哇根结线虫第二阶段的青少年暴露于土壤中的细菌蜡样芽孢杆菌抑制了青少年线虫到番茄根部的渗透。在营养肉汤和胰蛋白酶大豆肉汤上生长的细菌的培养滤液显示杀线虫活性。爪哇鸟幼鱼和卵。通过降低pH值、煮沸或透析导致的培养基杀线虫活性的丧失提高了培养物滤液中的活性成分是氨的可能性，氨是在培养基中的肽通过细菌活性的分解过程中释放的。游离氨（NH3）的浓度在营养肉汤和胰蛋白酶大豆肉汤培养液中测定48小时后分别为140和190 μ g ml-1。暴露的第二阶段青少年9.3杯ml-1氨在体外40小时是致命的95%的线虫种群。在硝酸盐培养基中，亚硝酸盐积累到250 μ g ml-1的细菌生长过程中，其培养滤液显示杀线虫活性。当细菌与各种蛋白质补充剂一起施用到土壤中时，细菌的杀线虫活性增加。用细菌和蛋白胨处理的土壤显示出比单独施用的细菌或蛋白胨更早的杀线虫活性，并且也具有比单独处理更高的氨水平。然而，氨的水平低于第二阶段的青少年在体外记录的致死水平。细菌-蛋白质改良剂组合表现出的杀线虫活性尚未完全了解，细菌降解蛋白质期间释放的氨可能对记录的杀线虫活性有显著贡献。
Exposure of Meloidogyne javanica second-stage juveniles to the bacterium Bacillus cereus in soil inhibited the penetration of the juvenile nematodes into tomato roots. Culture filtrate of the bacterium grown on nutrient broth and tryptic soy broth revealed nematocidal activity on M. javanica juveniles and eggs. Loss of the nematocidal activity of the media by lowering pH, boiling or dialysis raised the possibility that the active ingredient in the culture filtrate was ammonia, released during the breakdown process of peptides in the media by bacterial activity. Free ammonia (NH3) concentrations in the nutrient broth and tryptic soy broth culture filtrates measured after 48 h were 140 and 190 mug ml-1 respectively. Exposure of second-stage juveniles to 9.3 mug ml-1 ammonia for 40 h in vitro was lethal to 95% of the nematode population. In a nitrate medium nitrite accumulated up to 250 mug ml-1 during the growth of the bacterium, and its culture filtrate revealed nematocidal activity. The nematocidal activity of the bacterium increased when the bacterium was applied with various proteinaceous supplements to soil. Soil treated with the bacteria and peptone showed an earlier nematocidal activity than either the bacteria or peptone applied alone, and also had a higher level of ammonia than the individual treatments. However, the level of ammonia was lower than the lethal level for second-stage juveniles recorded in vitro. The nematocidal activity exhibited by the bacterium-proteinaceous amendment combination is not fully understood, the ammonia released during protein degradation by the bacterium may contribute significantly to the recorded nematocidal activity.