Heterotrophic dinoflagellates: a significant component of microzooplankton biomass and major grazers of diatoms in the sea
Heterotrophic dinoflagellates: a significant component of microzooplankton biomass and major grazers of diatoms in the sea
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DOI：
10.3354/meps07161
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发表时间：
2007-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
E. Sherr;B. Sherr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Sherr;B. Sherr
这篇综述总结了以下证据：异养（无色素，吞噬）甲藻通常是微型浮游生物大小级（20至200 µm）中吞噬原生生物生物量的重要组成部分，并且异养甲藻可能是比桡足类和其他中型浮游动物更大量的水华形成硅藻的消费者。虽然已经假定微型浮游动物群落通常由纤毛虫主导，但非色素甲藻，包括囊藻（装甲形式，例如原甲甲藻属）和甲藻（甲藻属）。和无鳞裸甲藻类，经常占微型浮游动物生物量的50%以上，并且经常在硅藻水华期间以高丰度出现。由于食源性甲藻似乎能够生长在不同的猎物类群，并坚持在低食物丰度，这些原生生物可能能够生存在非水华条件下，然后长大时，浮游植物水华发生。异养甲藻也可能是中型浮游动物的重要食物来源。由于根本性的差异，在生长和放牧率之间的摄食甲藻和桡足类，这是至关重要的精确建模的浮游食物网，以说明放牧这两组食草动物在硅藻水华。
This review summarizes evidence that heterotrophic (non-pigmented, phagotrophic) dinoflagellates are often a significant component of the biomass of phagotrophic protists in the microplankton size class (20 to 200 µm), and that heterotrophic dinoflagellates are likely to be more quantitatively significant consumers of bloom-forming diatoms than copepods and other mesozoo- plankton. Although it has been assumed that the microzooplankton community is usually dominated by ciliates, non-pigmented dinoflagellates, including both thecate (armored forms, e.g. Protoperi- dinium spp.) and athecate gymnodinoid species, frequently compose > 50% of microzooplankton bio- mass, and often occur at high abundance during diatom blooms. Since phagotrophic dinoflagellates appear able to grow on diverse prey taxa and to persist at low food abundance, these protists may be able to survive during non-bloom conditions and then grow up when phytoplankton blooms occur. Heterotrophic dinoflagellates are also likely to be an important food resource for mesozooplankton. Due to fundamental differences in growth and grazing rates between phagotrophic dinoflagellates and copepods, it is vital for accurate modeling of planktonic food webs to account for grazing by both of these groups of herbivores during diatom blooms.