On-road bicycle lane types, roadway characteristics, and risks for bicycle crashes.
On-road bicycle lane types, roadway characteristics, and risks for bicycle crashes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2018.11.017
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发表时间：
2019-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Morrison;Jason Thompson;M. Kondo;B. Beck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Morrison;Jason Thompson;M. Kondo;B. Beck
自行车道减少了自行车与机动车碰撞的真实的和感知的风险，减少了交通伤害的负担，并有助于更大的自行车参与。先前的研究表明，自行车道的有效性根据道路特征而不同，并且自行车道类型与降低碰撞风险有差异。本研究的目的是联合收割机这些观点，并确定类型的道路上的自行车车道，与最大限度地减少自行车碰撞的存在下，特定的道路特征。我们编制了一个横截面空间数据集，包括32,444个交叉口多边形和57,285个街道段多边形，代表澳大利亚墨尔本市内的道路网络。相关指标是任何自行车碰撞的二分指标（2014-2017）。独立的措施是自行车道（专用自行车道、共享自行车和停车车道、有标记的宽路边车道和路边自行车道）和其他道路特征（限速、公共汽车路线、电车路线、桥梁、单向流动、车道宽度）。在贝叶斯条件自回归logit模型中，所有类型的自行车道都与碰撞几率降低有关，其中速度更大，公交路线和电车站存在，交通车道更窄。在所有这些设置中，只有专用自行车道与碰撞几率降低相关（与存在自行车道和道路条件的预期几率相比）。公路自行车道减少碰撞风险的程度取决于自行车道类型，道路条件以及这两个因素的组合。自行车道，提供更大的分离骑自行车的人和车辆交通是最一贯的保护。
Bicycle lanes reduce real and perceived risks for bicycle vs. motor vehicle crashes, reducing the burden of traffic injuries and contributing to greater cycling participation. Previous research indicates that the effectiveness of bicycle lanes differs according to roadway characteristics, and that bicycle lane types are differentially associated with reduced crash risks. The aim of this study is to combine these perspectives and identify the types of on-road bicycle lanes that are associated with the greatest reductions in bicycle crashes given the presence of specific roadway characteristics. We compiled a cross sectional spatial dataset consisting of 32,444 intersection polygons and 57,285 street segment polygons representing the roadway network for inner Melbourne, Australia. The dependent measure was a dichotomous indicator for any bicycle crash (2014–2017). Independent measures were bicycle lanes (exclusive bicycle lanes, shared bicycle and parking lanes, marked wide kerbside lanes, and kerbside bicycle lanes) and other roadway characteristics (speed limit, bus routes, tram routes, bridges, one-way flow, traffic lane width). In Bayesian conditional autoregressive logit models, bicycle lanes of all types were associated with decreased crash odds where speeds were greater, bus routes and tram stops were present, and traffic lanes were narrower. Only exclusive bicycle lanes were associated with reduced crash odds (compared to the expected odds given the presence of the bicycle lane and the roadway conditions) in all these setting. The extent to which on-road bicycle lanes reduce crash risks depends on the bicycle lane type, the roadway conditions, and the combination of these two factors. Bicycle lanes that provide greater separation between cyclists and vehicular traffic are most consistently protective.