Responses to seed dormancy-breaking treatments in rice species (Oryza L.)
Responses to seed dormancy-breaking treatments in rice species (Oryza L.)
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水稻品种 (Oryza L.) 对种子休眠打破处理的反应
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
M. T. Jackson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Naredo;Amita B. Juliano;B. Lu;F. D. Guzman;M. T. Jackson
对16个水稻品种的18份种质资源进行了种子发芽试验。在一系列打破休眠的处理下进行。去壳和完整的种子暴露在(1)26℃、31℃和36℃的恒温或放置在室温(28±1℃)下，以及(2)40/25℃、40/30℃和45/30℃的交变温度(12h/12h)下，或放置在室温下。在第三个处理中，在处理1或处理2中确定的每个物种的最佳温度条件下，完整的种子在50℃的干热中暴露7或14天，然后再萌发。在处理3中发芽率低于85%的物种暴露于不同的化学处理中，即完整种子在0.001或0.2M硝酸钾(KNO3)中萌发，或在0.1M或0.2M硝酸(HNO3)、1M过氧化氢(H2 O2)、1000ppm赤霉酸(GA3)中预浸24或48h，和0.1M HNO3和1M H_2O_2或0.2M HNO_3和1M H_2O_2的组合。这项工作得出了四个结论：(1)去除种壳对打破种子休眠极为有效；(2)不同物种对各种恒温或交变温度的反应不同，没有一个单一的温度制度对所有水稻物种的种子休眠都是一致有效的；(3)热处理一般促进对某些恒温或交变温度处理的物种的萌发，但大多数物种在50℃7或14天的热处理之间种子萌发没有观察到一致的差异；(4)在最适温度条件下，某些物种对某些化学处理的反应有效。适当组合去壳、干热或化学处理，以及在适宜的温度条件下发芽，对打破水稻品种的种子休眠效果最佳。
Seed germination tests of 18 germplasm accessions representing 16 rice species (Oryza L.) were conducted under a series of dormancy-breaking treatments. Hulled and intact seeds were exposed to (1) constant temperatures of 26 °C, 31 °C, and 36 °C or left at room temperature (28±1 °C ); and (2) alternating temperatures of 40/25 °C, 40/30 °C, and 45/30 °C (12 h/12 h), or left at room temperature. In a third treatment, intact seeds were exposed to dry heat at 50 °C for 7 or 14 d before germination of hulled and intact seeds under the optimum temperature regimes for each species determined from Treatments 1 or 2. Species that showed less than 85% germination in Treatment 3 were exposed to various chemical treatments, namely germination of intact seeds in 0.001 M potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ), or presoaking the seeds for 24 or 48 h in 0.1 or 0.2 M nitric acid (HNO 3 ), 1 M hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), 1000 ppm gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), and a combination of 0.1 M HNO 3 and 1 M H 2 O 2 or 0.2 M HNO 3 and 1 M H 2 O 2 . Four conclusions emerge from this work: (1) removal of the seed hull is extremely effective for breaking seed dormancy; (2) species respond differently to various constant or alternating temperature regimes, and no single temperature regime is consistently effective to break seed dormancy across all Oryza species; (3) heat treatment generally promotes germination of the species that respond to certain constant or alternating temperature treatments, but no consistent differences were observed in seed germination of most species between heat treatments at 50 °C for 7 or 14 d; and (4) some species respond to certain chemical treatments effectively under the optimum temperature regimes. An appropriate combination of seed hull removal, dry heat or chemical treatments, and germination under the optimum temperature regimes for individual species provides the best results for breaking seed dormancy of rice species.