Development of stone tool use by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Development of stone tool use by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
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DOI：
10.1037/0735-7036.111.2.159
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发表时间：
1997-06-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Matsuzawa, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
InoueNakamura, N;Matsuzawa, T
几内亚博苏的野生黑猩猩在3岁半的时候，就开始用锤子和铁砧敲开油棕果来获取果仁。为了阐明其发育过程，作者进行了野外实验，并提供了石楠和油棕果。婴儿黑猩猩的石头坚果操作被观察和录像。从1992年到1995年收集了3名4岁以下的婴儿的数据。作者分析了692例婴儿石坚果操作和150例成人进行的婴儿观察坚果破裂。婴儿观察其他黑猩猩咬坚果，并从它们那里得到果仁。石螺母操作从单一对象上的单一动作发展到多个对象上的多个动作。尽管2.5岁的黑猩猩幼崽已经掌握了敲坚果所需的基本动作，但它们并没有按照适当的顺序组合这些动作来进行实际的敲坚果。
At the age of 3.5 years, wild chimpanzees at Bossou, Guinea, begin to use hammer and anvil stones to crack oil-palm nuts to get the kernels. To clarify the developmental processes, the authors did a field experiment in which stones and oil-palm nuts were provided. Infant chimpanzees' stone-nut manipulation was observed and video recorded. Data were collected from 3 infants younger than 4 years old from 1992 to 1995. The authors analyzed 692 episodes of infants' stone-nut manipulation and 150 episodes of infants' observation of nut cracking performed by adults. Infants observed other chimpanzees' nut cracking and got the kernels from them. The stone-nut manipulation developed from a single action on a single object to multiple actions on multiple objects. Although infant chimpanzees at the age of 2.5 years already acquired basic actions necessary for nut cracking, they did not combine the actions in an appropriate sequence to perform actual nut cracking.