Representation, Inference, and Transcendent Encoding in Neurocognitive Networks of the Human Brain
Representation, Inference, and Transcendent Encoding in Neurocognitive Networks of the Human Brain
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DOI：
10.1002/ana.21534
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Mesulam, Marsel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mesulam, Marsel
传统上，意识体验的解剖学基础与将感觉信息传递到“更高”的联合皮层的感觉-离（向内）通路有关。目前的想法是强调在相反（向外）方向上运行的感觉花瓣路径的重要性。根据新出现的观点，认知的许多方面可能代表了感觉-离体连接（sensory-fugal connections）和感觉-花瓣连接（sensory-petal connections）之间的迭代神经对话，感觉-离体连接反映了环境事件的物理性质，感觉-花瓣连接根据对过去经验的经验描述推断刺激的性质。这些相互的通路，嵌入在大脑内部产生的振荡中，进一步受到高级联合皮层（主要位于前额叶皮层）自上而下的投射的调制。这套自上而下的预测有能力超越基于经验的陈述，并将内部产生的优先事项插入对正在发生的事件的解释中。人类抵抗刺激约束反应和支持新解释的典型能力可能与这些自上而下的预测的影响有关。相互的感觉处理路径及其自上而下的调节共同定义了经验的意识解释。
The anatomical basis of conscious experience has traditionally been linked to sensory-fugal (inward) pathways that convey sensory information to progressively "higher" association cortices. Current thinking is emphasizing the importance of sensory-petal pathways that run in the opposite (outward) direction. According to emerging views, many aspects of cognition may represent an iterative neural dialogue between sensory-fugal connections, which reflect the physical nature of ambient events, and sensory-petal connections, which infer the nature of the stimulus based on empirical accounts of past experience. These reciprocal pathways, embedded within the internally generated oscillations of the brain, are further modulated by top-down projections from high-order association cortices, most prominently located in prefrontal cortex. This set of top-down projections has the capacity to transcend experience-based representations and to insert internally generated priorities into the interpretation of ongoing events. The characteristically human capacity for resisting stimulus-bound responses and favoring novel interpretations may be linked to the influence of these top-down projections. The reciprocal sensory-processing pathways and their top-down modulations collectively define the conscious interpretation of experience.