Post-translational modification of RAS proteins.

Post-translational modification of RAS proteins.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.sbi.2021.06.015
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发表时间:
2021-12
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Philips MR
Philips MR
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Campbell SL;Philips MR

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RAS基因的突变比其他任何癌基因更容易导致癌症。RAS蛋白整合来自广泛受体的信号,并通过控制细胞生长的途径启动下游信号传导。RAS蛋白基本上是二元分子开关,其中关/开状态分别由GDP或GTP的结合决定。因此,历史上认为RAS GTP酶的内在和受调节的核苷酸结合和水解性质解释了RAS信号传导的全部调节。然而,越来越清楚的是,RAS蛋白也受到大量翻译后修饰(PTM)的调控。目前的挑战是了解这些修饰的功能后果是什么,哪些是生理相关的。由于PTM是由酶催化的,可以为药物发现提供靶点,RAS PTM的研究一直是RAS生物学家的高度优先事项。
Mutations ofRASgenes drive cancer more frequently than any other oncogene. RAS proteins integrate signals from a wide array of receptors and initiate downstream signaling through pathways that control cellular growth. RAS proteins are fundamentally binary molecular switches in which the off/on state is determined by the binding of GDP or GTP, respectively. As such, the intrinsic and regulated nucleotide-binding and hydrolytic properties of the RAS GTPase were historically believed to account for the entirety of the regulation of RAS signaling. However, it is increasingly clear that RAS proteins are also regulated by a vast array of post-translational modifications (PTMs). The current challenge is to understand what are the functional consequences of these modifications and which are physiologically relevant. Because PTMs are catalyzed by enzymes that may offer targets for drug discovery, the study of RAS PTMs has been a high priority for RAS biologists.
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