Invasive species as drivers of evolutionary change: cane toads in tropical Australia
Invasive species as drivers of evolutionary change: cane toads in tropical Australia
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-4571.2011.00201.x
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Shine, Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shine, Richard
入侵物种的到来可能对本地类群产生广泛的生态影响，诱导快速的进化反应，以减少入侵者的影响或利用它提供的新机会。入侵过程本身可以导致影响入侵者扩散率（通过适应性和非适应性机制）及其建立新种群的能力的性状的重大进化变化。我简要地回顾了进化的变化的性质可能会设置在火车上的生物入侵，特别强调最近的结果，从我自己的研究小组对甘蔗蟾蜍（Rhinella marina）通过热带澳大利亚的入侵。蟾蜍的入侵引起了蟾蜍和本地类群的进化变化。这些变化中有许多是适应性的，但其他的可能是非适应性进化过程的结果：例如，蟾蜍扩散速率的进化加速可能是由于扩散增强基因的空间排序，而不是更快扩散个体的适应优势。管理人员需要将进化动力学纳入其保护规划，因为生物入侵会影响进化变化的速度和轨迹。
The arrival of an invasive species can have wide-ranging ecological impacts on native taxa, inducing rapid evolutionary responses in ways that either reduce the invaders impact or exploit the novel opportunity that it provides. The invasion process itself can cause substantial evolutionary shifts in traits that influence the invaders dispersal rate (via both adaptive and non-adaptive mechanisms) and its ability to establish new populations. I briefly review the nature of evolutionary changes likely to be set in train by a biological invasion, with special emphasis on recent results from my own research group on the invasion of cane toads (Rhinella marina) through tropical Australia. The toads invasion has caused evolutionary changes both in the toads and in native taxa. Many of those changes are adaptive, but others may result from non-adaptive evolutionary processes: for example, the evolved acceleration in toad dispersal rates may be due to spatial sorting of dispersal-enhancing genes, rather than fitness advantages to faster-dispersing individuals. Managers need to incorporate evolutionary dynamics into their conservation planning, because biological invasions can affect both the rates and the trajectories of evolutionary change.