Watch the clock-engineering biological systems to be on time
Watch the clock-engineering biological systems to be on time
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gde.2010.09.003
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Fussenegger, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aubel, Dominique;Fussenegger, Martin
灵感来自自然的计时设备，控制生物钟，管理大脑中的信息处理，协调日常生理活动（喂养和睡眠）或季节性时间尺度（繁殖活动或冬眠），合成生物学家已经成功地从具有标准化活动的分类遗传成分中组装了功能性合成时钟，并将它们排列在含有正反馈和负反馈回路的转录回路中具有集成的时间延迟动态。正反馈回路像机械表中的（摆轮）弹簧一样驱动时钟，而负时间延迟电路代表脉冲发生器，其定义了最小时间单位和时钟的精度，就像经典机械表中的钟摆回退或摆轮的运动。这一基本设计原则使各种合成振荡器的建设，其设计细节是简明扼要地涵盖在这方面的审查。
Inspired by natural time-keeping devices controlling the circadian clock, managing information processing in the brain and coordinating physiological activities on a daily (feeding and sleeping) or seasonal timescale (reproductive activity or hibernation), synthetic biologists have successfully assembled functional synthetic clocks from cataloged genetic components with standardized activities and arranging them in transcription circuits containing positive and negative feedback loops with integrated time-delay dynamics. While the positive feedback loop drives the clock like the (balance) spring in a mechanical watch the negative time-delay circuit represents the pulse generator defining a minimal time unit and precision of the clock like the pendulum fallback or the movement of the balance wheel in a classical mechanic watch. This basic design principle enabled the construction of a variety of synthetic oscillators whose design details are concisely covered in this review.