Functional roles of non-coding Y RNAs.
Functional roles of non-coding Y RNAs.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocel.2015.07.003
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Krude T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kowalski MP;Krude T
非编码rna参与了许多细胞过程，但许多小的非编码rna的生化功能尚不清楚。小的非编码Y rna家族在脊椎动物中是保守的，相关的rna存在于一些原核生物物种中。Y rna也与线虫中新发现的非编码茎突rna （sbRNAs）家族同源，其潜在的生理功能直到现在才出现。Y RNA对于脊椎动物染色体DNA复制的起始至关重要，当与Ro60蛋白结合时，它们参与了几种真核和原核物种的RNA稳定性和细胞对应激的反应。此外，Y rna的短片段最近在人类和其他哺乳动物的血液和组织中被发现是丰富的成分，具有潜在的诊断价值。虽然Y rna的功能作用越来越多，但越来越清楚的是，Y rna的保守结构域对于不同的细胞功能至关重要。在这里，我们回顾了与这些结构域相关的生化功能，以及Y RNA在不同物种中的功能保护。现有的生化和结构证据支持这些小的非编码rna的结构域模型，这对功能性非编码rna的模块化进化有直接的影响。
Non-coding RNAs are involved in a multitude of cellular processes but the biochemical function of many small non-coding RNAs remains unclear. The family of small non-coding Y RNAs is conserved in vertebrates and related RNAs are present in some prokaryotic species. Y RNAs are also homologous to the newly identified family of non-coding stem-bulge RNAs (sbRNAs) in nematodes, for which potential physiological functions are only now emerging. Y RNAs are essential for the initiation of chromosomal DNA replication in vertebrates and, when bound to the Ro60 protein, they are involved in RNA stability and cellular responses to stress in several eukaryotic and prokaryotic species. Additionally, short fragments of Y RNAs have recently been identified as abundant components in the blood and tissues of humans and other mammals, with potential diagnostic value. While the number of functional roles of Y RNAs is growing, it is becoming increasingly clear that the conserved structural domains of Y RNAs are essential for distinct cellular functions. Here, we review the biochemical functions associated with these structural RNA domains, as well as the functional conservation of Y RNAs in different species. The existing biochemical and structural evidence supports a domain model for these small non-coding RNAs that has direct implications for the modular evolution of functional non-coding RNAs.