Scientific Opinion on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of calcium
Scientific Opinion on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of calcium
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DOI：
10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2814
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Verhagen, Hans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agostoni, Carlo;Bresson, Jean-Louis;Verhagen, Hans
根据欧盟委员会的要求，饮食产品、营养和过敏小组被要求重新评估钙使用的安全性。专家小组被要求考虑是否需要根据新的现有证据来改变 SCF 于 2003 年制定的钙的可耐受最高摄入水平（UL）（成人 2,500 毫克/天，包括孕妇和哺乳期妇女），该水平是基于不同的长期干预研究，其中每日从饮食和补充剂中摄入 2,500 毫克的钙总量是可以耐受的，不会产生不良影响。此后发表的许多成人安慰剂对照人类干预研究也表明，每天从饮食和补充剂中摄入 2,500 毫克的钙总量是可以耐受的，不会产生不良影响。专家组认为，长期从饮食和补充剂中摄入钙与肾结石、心血管疾病或前列腺癌风险增加之间没有关系。目前还没有新的数据需要将成人（包括孕妇和哺乳期妇女）钙的 UL 修订为 2,500 毫克。目前还没有新的数据可以为婴儿、儿童或青少年设置 UL。来自欧洲人口的数据表明，成年男性中钙摄入量高的人的钙摄入量可能接近UL。尽管现有数据不允许为婴儿、儿童或青少年设定 UL，但尚未发现这些年龄组当前最高钙摄入水平存在风险。 (C) 欧洲食品安全局，2012 年。
Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies was asked to re-evaluate the safety in use of calcium. The Panel was requested to consider if the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for calcium established by the SCF in 2003 (2,500 mg/day for adults, including pregnant and lactating women), which was based on different intervention studies of long duration in which total daily calcium intakes of 2,500 mg from both diet and supplements were tolerated without adverse effects, needed to be changed on the basis of new available evidence. A number of placebo controlled human intervention studies in adults published since then also showed that total daily calcium intakes of 2,500 mg from both diet and supplements are tolerated without adverse effects. The Panel considers that no relationship has been established between long-term calcium intakes from diet and supplements and increased risk of nephrolithiasis, cardiovascular disease or prostate cancer. No new data have become available which would require a revision of the UL for calcium for adults, including pregnant and lactating women, of 2,500 mg. No new data have become available which would allow the setting of a UL for infants, children or adolescents. Data from European populations indicate that intakes of calcium in high consumers among adult males can be close to the UL. Although available data do not allow the setting of a UL for infants, children or adolescents, no risk has been identified with highest current levels of calcium intake in these age groups. (C) European Food Safety Authority, 2012.