Reactive nitrogen fluxes from soils to atmosphere in baby corn based cropping system
Reactive nitrogen fluxes from soils to atmosphere in baby corn based cropping system
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DOI：
10.1080/01904167.2023.2291027
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发表时间：
2023-12
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Varinderpal-Singh;Navneet Kaur;Kunal;Blestar Singh;G. S. Dheri;J. Kumar;Aman Thapar;Eric S. Ober
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Varinderpal-Singh;Navneet Kaur;Kunal;Blestar Singh;G. S. Dheri;J. Kumar;Aman Thapar;Eric S. Ober
摘要在印度旁遮普省卢迪亚纳（Ludhiana）连续3个玉米苗期，采用随机完全区组设计，采用不同施氮量（0 ~ 150 kg N ha - 1）的田间研究，以量化和减轻氮素对环境的损失。分别在施氮后2、4、8、16和24 d测定氮氧化物通量排放量。通过分析渗滤液中铵态和硝态离子的含量，估算了渗滤液中氮的损失。氮肥富余对作物需求的贡献率分别为94.1%（春季）、95.9%（夏季）和95.5%（冬季）。植株生长早期（6期前）氮肥用量较低，导致首次施肥后10天内氮素损失较大。碳当量排放量遵循夏季bb0春季bb1冬季的趋势。监测季节的时间变化影响了穗轴和秸秆产量对氮肥的响应。平均施用的氮肥中，67.9%被植物吸收，4.7%通过氮淋失，2.7%作为N2O逸出，3.2%在土壤剖面中积累，21.5%未计算。与固定时间地膜施氮相比，基于感知的施氮显著提高了氮素回收效率51.2%，减少了氮素排放45.4%，氮淋溶降低了69.3%。使用保磷-低成本控制的氮肥管理提供了一种经济和农民友好的解决方案，在保持生产力的同时显著减少氮肥损失。为了从这项工作中受益，需要进一步验证技术并将其转让给农场。
Abstract A field study with varying nitrogen (N) rates (0–150 kg N ha−1) was conducted in Ludhiana (Punjab, India) in a randomized complete block design in three consecutive baby corn seasons to quantify and mitigate N losses to the environment. The nitrous oxide (N2O) flux emissions were measured at 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 days after each fertilizer N split application. The leachate N losses were estimated by analyzing ammonium and nitrate ion content. Fertilizer N surplus to crop requirement explained 94.1% (spring), 95.9% (summer), and 95.5% (winter) variation in the area-scaled N losses (N2O + leachate). Lower fertilizer N usage by plants at early growth stages (upto V6 stage) resulted in higher N losses within ten days after the first fertilizer application. Carbon equivalent emissions followed the trend summer > spring > winter. Temporal variations during the monitoring seasons influenced the cob and stover yield in response to fertilizer N. On average, 67.9% of the applied fertilizer N was taken up by plants, 4.7% was lost via N leaching, 2.7% escaped as N2O, 3.2% accumulated in the soil profile, and 21.5% remained unaccounted. Sensing-based N application significantly improved N recovery efficiency by 51.2%, mitigated N emissions by 45.4%, and N leaching by 69.3% in comparison with fixed-time blanket fertilizer N topdressings. Fertilizer N management using PAU-LCC provided an economical and farmer-friendly solution to achieve a significant reduction in N losses while sustaining productivity. Further validation and transfer of technology to on-farm locations are needed to benefit from this work.