Relative impacts of land-use, management intensity and fertilization upon soil microbial community structure in agricultural systems
Relative impacts of land-use, management intensity and fertilization upon soil microbial community structure in agricultural systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.07.030
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Whitman, William B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jangid, Kamlesh;Williams, Mark A.;Whitman, William B.
土壤微生物群落下的三个农业管理系统（常规耕作农田，干草牧场，放牧牧场）和两个肥料系统（无机肥和家禽凋落物）进行了比较，一个类似的150岁的森林附近的沃特金斯维尔，格鲁吉亚。16S rRNA基因克隆库和磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）分析均表明，森林土壤中细菌群落的结构和组成与农业土壤中的细菌群落结构和组成显着不同。在农业土壤中，施肥对细菌群落的影响比土地利用或季节更显着。肥料改良改变了整个农业土壤中更多细菌群的丰度。此外，在农田中的细菌群的组成的变化比在牧场更明显。土壤库之间的季节变化要小得多。社区水平的差异与土壤pH值，可矿化碳和氮，可提取的养分的差异。土壤细菌群落多样性与土地利用强度之间存在着复杂的关系。牧场的细菌多样性最高，可以被描述为具有中等程度的干预相比，低干预森林和高干预农田。细菌多样性的变化可以归因于一些操作分类单位（OTU）的丰度。森林和农田中丰富OTU的微多样性与许多表型相似物种而不是每个OTU的单一物种的丰度增加一致。长期的农业管理制度，尤其是施肥，显著改变了土壤微生物群落结构，为保护性农业的推广提供了依据。(c)2008爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Soil microbial communities under three agricultural management systems (conventionally tilled crop-land, hayed pasture, and grazed pasture) and two fertilizer systems (inorganic fertilizer and poultry litter) were compared to that of a similar to 150-y-old forest near Watkinsville, Georgia. Both 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses indicated that the structure and composition of bacterial communities in the forest soil were significantly different than in the agricultural soils. Within the agricultural soils, the effect of fertilizer amendment on bacterial communities was more dramatic than either land use or season. Fertilizer amendment altered the abundance of more bacterial groups throughout the agricultural soils. In addition, the changes in the composition of bacterial groups were more pronounced in cropland than in pastures. There was much less seasonal variation between the soil libraries. Community-level differences were associated with differences in soil pH, mineralizable carbon and nitrogen, and extractable nutrients. Bacterial community diversity exhibited a complex relationship with the land use intensity in these agro-ecosystems. The pastures had the highest bacterial diversity and could be characterized as having an intermediate degree of intervention compared to low intervention in forest and high intervention in cropland. Changes in bacterial diversity could be attributed to the abundance of a few operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The microdiversity of abundant OTUs in both forest and cropland was consistent with an increase in abundance of many phenotypically similar species rather than a single species for each OTU. Soil microbial communities were significantly altered by long-term agricultural management systems, especially fertilizer amendment, and these results provide a basis for promoting conservation agricultural systems. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.