Fetal exposure to the maternal microbiota in humans and mice.
Fetal exposure to the maternal microbiota in humans and mice.
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DOI：
10.1172/jci.insight.127806
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发表时间：
2019-10
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
N. Younge;J. Mccann;J. Ballard;C. Plunkett;S. Akhtar;Félix Araújo-Pérez;A. Murtha;D. Brandon;P. Seed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Younge;J. Mccann;J. Ballard;C. Plunkett;S. Akhtar;Félix Araújo-Pérez;A. Murtha;D. Brandon;P. Seed
以前的研究已经证明了微生物DNA在胎儿环境中的存在。然而，目前尚不清楚这种DNA是否代表活细菌，以及它如何与不同身体部位的母体微生物群相关。我们研究了人类和小鼠的微生物群，以了解这些关系，定位胎儿中的细菌，并证明细菌的活力。在剖腹产时的人类早产和足月母婴配对中，早在妊娠24周时出生的新生儿的口腔和胎粪中含有预测源自子宫内来源（包括胎盘）的微生物群。在实验室高度控制的无菌条件下使用妊娠小鼠的手术分娩，通过16S rRNA基因测序、荧光原位杂交和细菌培养证明子宫内隔室和胎肠中细菌的组成、可视化和活力。胎儿肠道微生物群的组成和预测来源在妊娠中期和晚期之间发生变化。在妊娠中期发现胎儿肠道中可培养的细菌，但在妊娠晚期未发现。我们的研究结果证明了在子宫内发育期间动态的、有活力的哺乳动物胎儿微生物群。
Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of microbial DNA in the fetal environment. However, it remains unclear whether this DNA represents viable bacteria and how it relates to the maternal microbiota across different body sites. We studied the microbiota of human and mouse dyads to understand these relationships, localize bacteria in the fetus, and demonstrate bacterial viability. In human preterm and full-term mother-infant dyads at the time of Cesarean delivery, the oral cavity and meconium of newborn infants born as early as 24 weeks of gestation contained a microbiota that was predicted to originate from in utero sources including the placenta. Using operative deliveries of pregnant mice under highly controlled, sterile conditions in the laboratory, composition, visualization, and viability of bacteria in the in utero compartment and fetal intestine were demonstrated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and bacterial culture. The composition and predicted source of the fetal gut microbiota shifted between mid- and late gestation. Cultivatable bacteria in the fetal intestine were found during mid-gestation but not late gestation. Our results demonstrate a dynamic, viable mammalian fetal microbiota during in utero development.