Lower Psychological Distress Levels among Returnees Compared with Evacuees after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
Lower Psychological Distress Levels among Returnees Compared with Evacuees after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
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DOI：
10.1620/tjem.247.13
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Tsubokura, Masaharu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murakami, Michio;Takebayashi, Yoshitake;Tsubokura, Masaharu
福岛核事故后，心理困扰已成为严重的健康风险。虽然在解除疏散命令后，受影响的人已开始返回家园，但尚未报告他们目前的心理痛苦状况。在这里，我们使用K6指标报告了返回者和撤离者的心理压力水平。2018年1月，在9个市町村的疏散令地区，向20至79岁的2,000名登记在基本居民登记簿上的居民随机发放了问卷，这些居民现在已经开始返回家园。参加者总数为625人。回归者的心理压力状况明显好于撤离者。回归者（参考=撤离者）的多变量调整优势比（95%置信区间），通过使用年龄、性别和年收入作为协变量的logistic分析估计，K6 >= 10为0.525（0.325-0.846），K6 >= 13为0.444（0.216-0.911）。根据日本全国的年龄和性别分布进行调整后，返回者中K6 >= 10的患病率为16.2%，高于日本全国20至79岁的患病率（10.3%）。撤离人员的心理压力是一个迫切需要解决的问题，返回者仍然需要社会支持。为了采取有效的对策，需要对返回者进行长期跟踪，调查返回与心理痛苦之间的因果关系及其在每个撤离者和重新返回者群体中的主导因素。
Psychological distress has become a serious health risk after the Fukushima nuclear accident. Although, following the lifting of evacuation orders, the affected people have started returning home, their current status of psychological distress has not been reported yet. Here, we report the levels of psychological distress in both returnees and evacuees by using a K6 indicator. In January 2018, questionnaires were randomly distributed among 2,000 people, aged 20 to 79 years old, who were registered on the Basic Resident Register in the evacuation order areas of nine municipalities where residents have now started returning home. The total number of participants was 625. The returnees showed a significantly better psychological distress status than the evacuees. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) among the returnees (reference = evacuees), estimated from a logistic analysis by using age, sex, and annual income as covariates, were 0.525 (0.325-0.846) for K6 >= 10 and 0.444 (0.216-0.911) for K6 >= 13. The prevalence of K6 >= 10 in the returnees when adjusted by the age and sex distribution of the whole of Japan was 16.2%, higher than the value (10.3%) at 20 to 79 years old in the whole of Japan. Psychological distress among the evacuees is an urgent problem to be resolved, and social support is still necessary for the returnees. Long term follow-up of returnees, investigations of causality between return and psychological distress and its governing factors in each of the evacuee and returnee groups are required for the implementation of effective countermeasures.