NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF EFFECTS OF DRIVE AND INCENTIVE-MOTIVATION ON GENERAL ACTIVITY AND INSTRUMENTAL BEHAVIOR
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF EFFECTS OF DRIVE AND INCENTIVE-MOTIVATION ON GENERAL ACTIVITY AND INSTRUMENTAL BEHAVIOR
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DOI：
10.1037/h0025306
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发表时间：
1968-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
BINDRA, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BINDRA, D
将内驱力的作用与激励动机（强化相关）刺激的作用分开的实验表明，虽然某些内驱力可以提高一般活动的水平，促进特定消费反应的发生，但内驱力促进工具性行为的结果不是来自内驱力本身，而是来自激励动机刺激的效力增加。其他研究表明，激励动机刺激影响行为的机制不是特定反应或预期目标反应的工具条件作用，而是中枢状态对刺激的经典条件作用。这些结论是根据一个动机效应模型解释的，该模型由4个假设功能组成，假设这些功能是：（1）激活消费性动作位点（驱动-强化），（2）促进相关感觉输入（注意），（3）创建某种普遍性的中枢状态（激励-动机），以及（4）增强运动阅读能力（觉醒）。最后指出了该模型的一些意义。（4页参考）（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023阿帕，保留所有权利）
EXPERIMENTS THAT SEPARATE THE EFFECTS OF DRIVE FROM THOSE OF INCENTIVE-MOTIVATIONAL (REINFORCEMENT LINKED) STIMULI INDICATE THAT, WHILE CERTAIN DRIVES CAN RAISE THE LEVEL OF GENERAL ACTIVITY AND FACILITATE THE OCCURRENCE OF PARTICULAR CONSUMMATORY RESPONSES, DRIVE FACILITATION OF INSTRUMENTAL BEHAVIOR RESULTS NOT FROM DRIVE PER SE, BUT FROM AN INCREASE IN THE EFFICACY OF INCENTIVE-MOTIVATIONAL STIMULI. OTHER STUDIES SUGGEST THAT THE MECHANISM BY WHICH INCENTIVE-MOTIVATIONAL STIMULI INFLUENCE BEHAVIOR IS NOT THE INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING OF SPECIFIC RESPONSES OR OF ANTICIPATORY GOAL REACTIONS, BUT THE CLASSICAL CONDITIONING OF A CENTRAL STATE TO THE STIMULI. THESE CONCLUSIONS ARE INTERPRETED IN TERMS OF A MODEL OF MOTIVATIONAL EFFECTS CONSISTING OF 4 HYPOTHETICAL FUNCTIONS WHICH ARE ASSUMED TO (1) ACTIVATE CONSUMATORY ACTION SITES (DRIVE-REINFORCEMENT),(2) FACILITATE RELEVANT SENSORY INPUT (ATTENTION),(3) CREATE A CENTRAL STATE OF SOME GENERALITY (INCENTIVE-MOTIVATION), AND (4) ENHANCE MOTOR READINESS (AROUSAL). SOME IMPLICATIONS OF THE MODEL ARE DISCUSSED.(4 P. REF.)(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)