The fate of cetacean carcasses in the deep sea: observations on consumption rates and succession of scavenging species in the abyssal north-east Atlantic Ocean
The fate of cetacean carcasses in the deep sea: observations on consumption rates and succession of scavenging species in the abyssal north-east Atlantic Ocean
复制标题
深海鲸类尸体的命运：对东北大西洋深海食腐物种的消耗率和演替的观察
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1998.0407
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Priede
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emma J Jones;M. Collins;P. Bagley;S. Addison;I. Priede
利用装有延时摄像系统、鱼类和片足类捕捉器的自主深海着陆器，调查了深海鲸目动物身体的命运。三个着陆器部署将鲸目动物身体放置在东北大西洋4000至4800米深的地方，历时36小时、152小时和276小时，然后被打捞上来。照片序列显示，鱼和无脊椎动物食腐动物迅速消耗身体，去除率从0.05至0.4公斤/小时不等。在最长的实验中，身体在五天内就被骨骼化了。在每一次部署中，在进驻约一小时后，装甲掷弹兵和大量Lysianassid两足类动物已抵达食物降落点。一旦大部分鱼饵被吃掉，最初大量的掷弹兵数量就减少了，然后观察到了各种其他鱼类和无脊椎动物，其中一些在现场栖息。没有一种鱼直接吃掉身体，而是捕食两足类动物。从身体中发现的漏斗陷阱表明，两足类的物种组成发生了演替，专门的尸噬类如Paralicella spp。取而代之的是Orchomene物种复合体中更多才多艺的食性动物。
The fate of cetacean carcasses in the deep sea was investigated using autonomous deep–sea lander vehicles incorporating time–lapse camera systems, fish and amphipod traps. Three lander deployments placed cetacean carcasses at depths of 4000 to 4800 m in the north–east Atlantic for periods of 36 h, 152 h and 276 h before being recovered. The photographic sequences revealed that carcasses were rapidly consumed by fish and invertebrate scavengers with removal rates ranging from 0.05 to 0.4 kg h-1. In the longest experiment the carcass was skeletonized within five days. In each deployment, approximately an hour after emplacement, the grenadier Coryphaenoides (Nematonurus) armatus and large numbers of lysianassid amphipods had arrived at the food–fall. The initially high numbers of grenadiers declined once the majority of the bait had been consumed and a variety of other fish and invertebrates were then observed, some taking up residence at the site. None of the fish species appeared to consume the carcass directly, but preyed upon amphipods instead. Funnel traps recovered with the carcass indicated a succession in the species composition of amphipods, with the specialist necrophages such as Paralicella spp. being replaced by more generalist feeders of the Orchomene species complex.