Role of hyaluronic acid in joint lubrication.
Role of hyaluronic acid in joint lubrication.
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DOI：
10.1136/ard.33.4.318
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发表时间：
1974-07
影响因子：
27.4
通讯作者：
D. Swann;E. Radin;M. Nazimiec;P. A. Weisser;Nancy Curran;George LEWINNEKt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Swann;E. Radin;M. Nazimiec;P. A. Weisser;Nancy Curran;George LEWINNEKt
高渗酸是一种大分子，它赋予滑液粘弹特性，通常认为这些特性对关节内组织表面的润滑很重要（巴内特，戴维斯和麦康纳，1961）。然而，滑液的化学和物理性质与其润滑能力之间的关系，如果有的话，还没有被确定。最近的体外研究表明，滑液中存在的导致关节组织润滑的分子类型表明，透明质酸是滑膜的良好润滑剂（Radin，Paul，Swann，and Schottstaedt，1971），但也表明这种成分是关节软骨润滑的必需成分（Radin，Swann，and Weisser，1970）。通过氯化铯密度梯度沉降平衡离心分离滑液后，显示关节软骨润滑部分存在于蛋白质组分中。最近的实验证实了这些数据，并表明润滑部分是复杂的，含有肽和糖肽成分（SwannandRadin，1972）。因此，从这些体外研究中可以看出，滑液中不同类型的大分子成分可以独立地在关节中不同类型组织的润滑中发挥作用。然而，这些成分在体内是密切相关的，关节润滑部分与透明质酸相互作用，并在滑液超滤后作为超滤残留物的成分而被保留（SwannandRadin，1972）。因此，发现透明质酸对关节软骨系统中蛋白质组分的润滑能力有任何影响是很重要的。一个众所周知的事实是，类风湿关节炎患者滑液中透明质酸的浓度和特性粘度均较低（Balazs，沃森，Duff，and Roseman，1967），但尚不清楚这些变化是否改变了滑液的润滑特性。类风湿性疾病的一个特征是晨僵，最近有人认为这是由于关节周围软组织润滑不良所致（Radin等，1971）。因此，确定类风湿关节炎患者滑液中透明质酸结构和成分的变化是否改变了其润滑滑膜组织的能力也很重要。本实验是为了回答这些问题而进行的。
Hyaluronic acidisthemacromolecule whichendows synovial fluid withits viscoelastic properties anditis often assumed these properties areimportant forthe lubrication ofthetissue surfaces indiarthrodial joints (Barnett, Davies, andMacConaill, 1961). Therelationships, ifany,that exist between thechemical and physical properties ofsynovial fluid andits lubricating ability, however, havenotbeendetermined. Recent invitro studies concerned withthetypes of molecules present insynovial fluid which areresponsible forthelubrication ofthejoint tissues haveindicated that hyaluronic acid isagoodlubricant forthe synovial membrane (Radin, Paul, Swann, andSchottstaedt, 1971), butshowedthatthis constituent was notessential forthelubrication ofthearticular cartilage(Radin, Swann, andWeisser, 1970). After the fractionation ofsynovial fluid bysedimentation equilibrium centrifugation ina cesiumchloride density gradient, itwasshownthatthearticular cartilage lubricating moiety waspresent intheprotein fraction. Morerecent experiments haveconfirmed these dataandshownthatthelubricating moiety is complex andcontains peptide andglycopeptide constituents (SwannandRadin, 1972). Itthus appears fromthese invitro studies thatthedifferent typesofmacromolecular constituents insynovial fluid canfunction independently inthelubrication of thedifferent types oftissues inthejoint. However, these constituents invivoareintimately associated andthearticular lubricating moiety interacts with hyaluronic acid andisretained asacomponent ofthe ultrafiltrate residue after theultrafiltration ofthe synovial fluid (SwannandRadin, 1972). Forthis reason itisimportant tofind outifhyaluronic acid hasanyeffect onthelubricating ability oftheprotein fraction inanarticular cartilage system. A wellknownfactisthattheconcentration and intrinsic viscosity ofhyaluronic acidarebothlower insynovial fluid frompatients withrheumatoid arthritis (Balazs, Watson, Duff, andRoseman, 1967), butitisnotclear whether these changes modify the lubricating properties ofthefluid. A characteristic feature ofrheumatoid disease ismorning stiffness, andasuggestion wasmaderecently that this iscaused bya failure inperiarticular softtissue lubrication (Radin andothers, 1971). Itisalso important, therefore, todetermine whether thechanges inthestructure ofhyaluronic acidandthecomposition ofsynovial fluid inpatients withrheumatoid arthritis alters its ability tolubricate synovial tissue. Thepresent experimentswereperformed inanattempt toanswer some ofthese questions.