Development of a comprehensive method to estimate the optical, thermal and electrical performance of a complex PV window for building integration
Development of a comprehensive method to estimate the optical, thermal and electrical performance of a complex PV window for building integration
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DOI：
10.1016/j.energy.2024.130251
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发表时间：
2024-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Xue Li;Yanyi Sun;Xiao Liu;Yang Ming;Yupeng Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xue Li;Yanyi Sun;Xiao Liu;Yang Ming;Yupeng Wu
对建筑物中能源消耗和温室气体排放的日益关注促成了创新光伏玻璃技术的出现，以提高建筑物的能源性能。然而，这些玻璃系统中的一些具有复杂的结构，使得研究其光学，热和电气性能以估计其在建筑物中的节能潜力具有挑战性。在这项研究中，已开发出一种经过验证的计算流体动力学（CFD）结合光线跟踪模型，以准确预测复杂的光伏玻璃系统在不同入射角下的光学，热和电气性能。建立了光线追迹模型，计算了窗的透光率以及各固体单元和光伏电池对太阳能的吸收。为了估计温度分布（例如，PV温度和窗户温度）和窗户内的二次热量，来自光线跟踪分析的结果（详细说明了每层吸收的太阳能通量）被输入到经验证的CFD模型中作为边界条件。使用上述CFD结合射线追踪计算，可以获得这些复杂PV窗系统的太阳能得热系数（SHGC）。此外，PV建模算法被开发为基于模拟的PV温度来预测功率输出。实施此程序来调查交叉复合抛物聚光光伏（CCPC-PV）窗口，它作为一个复杂的光伏玻璃系统在这项研究中的一个例子。开发的光学，热和电气模型已通过实验测试进行了验证。此外，已经设计了新的配置来探索相邻光学器件之间的间距对窗口的SHGC和功率输出的影响。结果表明，在美国国家开窗等级理事会（NFRC）标准下，原始窗（1.77 mm间距）的最高PV温度为64.73 ° C，最高窗内表面温度为61.58 ° C。同时，光伏效率为15.21%，SHGC为0.463。该创新光伏窗的SHGC值显著低于传统双层玻璃窗的SHGC值，后者的SHGC值为0.813。SHGC的减少降低了过热问题的可能性，特别是在夏季。
Increasing concerns over energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in buildings have contributed to the emerging of innovative PV glazing technologies to improve the building energy performance. However, some of these glazing systems have complex structures, making it challenging to investigate their optical, thermal and electrical performance for estimating their energy saving potential in buildings. In this research, a validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) combined with a ray-tracing model has been developed to accurately predict the optical, thermal and electrical performance of complex PV glazing systems under varying incident angles. A ray-tracing model is developed to calculate the light transmittance of the window and the solar energy absorbed by each solid element and PV cells. To estimate temperature profiles (e.g., PV temperature and window temperature) and secondary heat within the window, the results from the ray-tracing analysis, which detail the solar flux absorbed by each layer, are inputted into a validated CFD model as boundary conditions. Using the CFD combined ray-tracing calculation illustrated above, the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) of these complex PV window systems can be obtained. Furthermore, a PV modelling algorithm is developed to predict the power output based on the simulated PV temperature. This procedure is implemented to investigate a Crossed Compound Parabolic Concentrator Photovoltaic (CCPC-PV) window, which serves as an example of a complex PV glazing system in this study. The developed optical, thermal and electrical models have been validated through experimental tests. Additionally, new configurations have been designed to explore the impact of the pitch between adjacent optics on the SHGC and power output of the window. The results show that the original window (1.77 mm-pitch) possesses the maximum PV temperature of 64.73 °C and the maximum window inside surface temperature of 61.58 °C under National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) standard. Meanwhile the PV efficiency is 15.21 % and the SHGC is 0.463. The SHGC value of this innovative PV window is notably lower than that of a conventional double-glazed window, which has a SHGC value of 0.813. This reduction in SHGC decreases the likelihood of overheating issues, especially during the summer months.