Release of extracellular membrane particles carrying the stem cell marker prominin-1 (CD133) from neural progenitors and other epithelial cells
Release of extracellular membrane particles carrying the stem cell marker prominin-1 (CD133) from neural progenitors and other epithelial cells
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DOI：
10.1242/jcs.02439
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Huttner, WB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marzesco, AM;Janich, P;Huttner, WB
哺乳动物神经干/祖细胞的顶端质膜成分最近被牵连在维持其干/祖细胞状态。在这里，我们报告说，在发育中的胚胎小鼠大脑，在神经管的管腔中的液体含有膜颗粒携带干细胞标记物CD 133 -1（CD 133），pentaspan膜蛋白上发现的神经上皮细胞的顶面的膜突起。在脑室液中观察到两种大小级别的含β-内酰胺酶-1的膜颗粒：约600 nm的颗粒，称为P2颗粒，和50-80 nm的囊泡，称为P4颗粒。P_2和P_4颗粒分别在神经发生的初期和早期出现在脑室液中。伴随着它们的外观，神经上皮细胞的含β-l的顶端质膜突起的性质发生了变化，微绒毛丢失，出现了大的多形突起。P4颗粒存在于成年人的各种体液中，包括唾液、精液和尿液，并且在分化时由上皮模型细胞系Caco-2释放。重要的是，P4颗粒与外来体不同。我们的研究结果表明，广泛发生的一类新的细胞外膜颗粒含有干细胞的特征蛋白质，并提出了可能性，从神经祖细胞和其他上皮细胞的顶端表面释放相应的膜亚结构域可能在组织发育和维护的作用。此外，在人体体液中存在的含β-内酰胺酶-1的膜颗粒可以为某些疾病的基于蛋白质的诊断提供基础。
Apical plasma membrane constituents of mammalian neural stem/progenitor cells have recently been implicated in maintaining their stem/progenitor cell state. Here, we report that in the developing embryonic mouse brain, the fluid in the lumen of the neural tube contains membrane particles carrying the stem cell marker prominin-1 (CD133), a pentaspan membrane protein found on membrane protrusions of the apical surface of neuroepithelial cells. Two size classes of prominin-1-containing membrane particles were observed in the ventricular fluid: approximate to 600-nm particles, referred to as P2 particles, and 50-80-nm vesicles, referred to as P4 particles. The P2 and P4 particles appeared in the ventricular fluid at the very onset and during the early phase of neurogenesis, respectively. Concomitant with their appearance, the nature of the prominin-l-containing apical plasma membrane protrusions of neuroepithelial cells changed, in that microvilli were lost and large pleiomorphic protuberances appeared. P4 particles were found in various body fluids of adult humans, including saliva, seminal fluid and urine, and were released by the epithelial model cell line Caco-2 upon differentiation. Importantly, P4 particles were distinct from exosomes. Our results demonstrate the widespread occurrence of a novel class of extracellular membrane particles containing proteins characteristic of stem cells, and raise the possibility that the release of the corresponding membrane subdomains from the apical surface of neural progenitors and other epithelial cells may have a role in tissue development and maintenance. Moreover, the presence of prominin-1-containing membrane particles in human body fluids may provide the basis for a protein-based diagnosis of certain diseases.