Polygamous breeding system identified in the distylous genus Psychotria: P. manillensis in the Ryukyu archipelago, Japan
Polygamous breeding system identified in the distylous genus Psychotria: P. manillensis in the Ryukyu archipelago, Japan
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日本琉球群岛的异型Psychotria：P. manillensis 中发现的一夫多妻制繁殖系统
DOI：
10.1101/2020.10.14.334318
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watanabe;K.;Shimizu;A. and Sugawara;T.
二花柱型是指在一个居群中由长花柱和短花柱组成的遗传多态现象。在许多分类群中已经报道了distilyly的进化分解，主要涉及向单形或雌雄异株的转变。然而，向雌雄同株的转变还没有报道在二端物种。九节属（Psychotria）是茜草科（Rubiaceae）的一个世界大属，由二端种及其衍生物组成。然而，在我们的初步研究中，我们确定了一些雌雄同株的个体在菲律宾九节的人口。为了解菲律宾松的繁殖系统和生殖生物学，对日本琉球群岛、冲绳和西表群岛的5个种群的花部性状、开放坐果和访花者进行了调查，并进行了人工授粉和套袋试验。在采花时，马尼拉松种群主要由雌雄同株个体组成（54%），其次是雌性（30%）、雄性（14%）和两性个体（2%）。在收集的花中，93%是功能单性的（雄性或雌性），而只有6.5%是完美的（雌雄同体）。然而，有些人改变性别，主要是朝着增加女性在开花期。此外，35%的研究植物在过去几年中改变了它们的性表达。菲律宾梨表现自交亲和性，无配子生殖。自由授粉的坐果率在群体间和年份间存在差异（1.8-21.9%），但显著高于自花授粉（0.68-1.56%）。黄蜂和苍蝇是主要的访花者，也可能是该物种的主要传粉者。结果表明，菲律宾松是一种多性生殖植物，包括雌雄同株、雌性、雄性和雌雄同体的个体。这是首次报道一夫多妻制的繁殖系统不仅在九节属，而且在所有异型柱分类群。
Distyly is a genetic polymorphism composed of long-and short-styled flowers in a population. The evolutionary breakdown of distyly has been reported in many taxa, and mainly involves a shift toward monomorphism or dioecism. However, a shift toward monoecism has not been reported in distylous species. Psychotria (Rubiaceae), one of the world largest genera, consists of distylous species and their derivatives. In our preliminary study, however, we identified some monoecious individuals in a population of Psychotria manillensis. To understand the breeding system and reproductive biology of P. manillensis, we investigated floral traits, open fruit set, and flower visitors, and performed hand pollination and bagging experiments in five populations of Okinawa and Iriomote islands, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. The populations of P. manillensis were composed mainly of monoecious individuals (54%), followed by female (30%), male (14%), and hermaphroditic (2%) individuals at the time of flower collection. Of the collected flowers, 93% were functionally unisexual (male or female), whereas only 6.5% were perfect (hermaphroditic). However, some individuals changed sex mainly towards increasing femaleness during the flowering period. Moreover, 35% of the studied plants changed their sexual expression over the years. P. manillensis showed self-compatibility and no agamospermy. The fruit set under open pollination varied among populations and years (1.8–21.9%), but it was significantly higher than that of auto-selfing (0.68–1.56%). Wasps and flies were the main flower visitors and probably the main pollinators of the species. In conclusion, P. manillensis was revealed to be polygamous, involving monoecious, female, male, and hermaphroditic individuals. This is the first report of the polygamous breeding system not only in the genus Psychotria, but also in all heterostylous taxa.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
HAMILTON, CW
通讯作者：
HAMILTON, CW
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2018.0004
发表时间：
2018-02-28
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Saumitou-Laprade, Pierre;Vernet, Philippe;Dufay, Mathilde
通讯作者：
Dufay, Mathilde
教员意见建议重建夏威夷林下树属 Psychotria（茜草科）的殖民和扩散祖先模式：简约法和似然法的比较。
DOI：
10.3410/f.1018240.207693
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Cunningham
通讯作者：
C. Cunningham
日本琉球群岛的 Psychotria serpens（茜草科）中的 Distyly
DOI：
10.18942/apg.kj00008918922
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Sugawara;Kenta Watanabe;Mitsutake Tabata
通讯作者：
Mitsutake Tabata
日本小笠原群岛特有的Distylous Psychotria boninensis（茜草科）的不亲和性和繁殖能力
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Takashi;Mayumi;Shizuka;Kenta
通讯作者：
Kenta