Continental Rifts
Continental Rifts
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大陆裂谷
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-10475-7_31-1
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Şengör
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Şengör
地震空区假说认为，断层或板块边界上的大多数长期地质滑动是由分段上的特征地震完成的。这样的地震被认为大大减少了应力，在下一次特征地震之前，弹性应力需要相当长的重现时间才能恢复。过去地震的日期和破裂程度可以通过现代地震台网确定;通过断层、破坏或强烈震动的历史报告;或通过跨断层的古地震调查。平均重现时间可以根据过去特征地震的日期序列来确定，也可以根据断层上稳定滑动累积特征地震中经历的滑动所需的时间来确定（加州地震概率工作组，1988年，1990年）。
The seismic gap hypothesis holds that most long-term geologic slip on faults or plate boundaries is accomplished by characteristic earthquakes on segments. Such quakes are presumed to reduce the stress substantially, necessitating a substantial recurrence time for elastic stress to recover before the next characteristic earthquake. The dates and rupture extent of past earthquakes may be determined by modern seismic networks; by historic reports of faulting, damage, or strong shaking; or by paleoseismic investigation of trenches across faults. The average recurrence time may be determined either from a sequence of dates of past characteristic earthquakes, or by the time required for steady slip on a fault to accumulate the slip experienced in a characteristic earthquake (Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities 1988, 1990).