SHANK3 haploinsufficiency: a "common" but underdiagnosed highly penetrant monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorders.

SHANK3 haploinsufficiency: a "common" but underdiagnosed highly penetrant monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorders.
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DOI:
10.1186/2040-2392-4-17
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发表时间:
2013-06-11
期刊:
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Buxbaum JD
Buxbaum JD
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Betancur C;Buxbaum JD

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自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)在病因上是异质性的,涉及数百种罕见的、高度渗透的突变和基因组失衡,每种突变和基因组失衡都导致了一小部分病例。在这一期的《分子自闭症》杂志中,Soorya及其同事使用金标准诊断评估评估了32例由22q13.33缺失或SHANK 3突变引起的M-M综合征患者,结果显示84%符合ASD标准,其中75%符合自闭症标准。这项研究和以前的研究表明,这种综合征似乎是ASD的更渗透的原因之一。在这篇伴随综述中,我们表明,在确定为ASD的样本中,SHANK 3单倍不足是ASD的更普遍的单基因原因之一,解释了至少0.5%的病例。我们注意到,SHANK 3单倍不足在ASD和发育迟缓中仍然诊断不足,尽管随着染色体微阵列分析和SHANK 3靶向测序的日益广泛使用,病例数量必然会增加。
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are etiologically heterogeneous, with hundreds of rare, highly penetrant mutations and genomic imbalances involved, each contributing to a very small fraction of cases. In this issue of Molecular Autism, Soorya and colleagues evaluated 32 patients with Phelan-McDermid syndrome, caused by either deletion of 22q13.33 or SHANK3 mutations, using gold-standard diagnostic assessments and showed that 84% met criteria for ASD, including 75% meeting criteria for autism. This study and prior studies demonstrate that this syndrome appears to be one of the more penetrant causes of ASD. In this companion review, we show that in samples ascertained for ASD, SHANK3 haploinsufficiency is one of the more prevalent monogenic causes of ASD, explaining at least 0.5% of cases. We note that SHANK3 haploinsufficiency remains underdiagnosed in ASD and developmental delay, although with the increasingly widespread use of chromosomal microarray analysis and targeted sequencing of SHANK3, the number of cases is bound to rise.
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