Stone
Stone
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石头
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发表时间：
2018
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通讯作者：
Allis Hamilton
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作者：
Allis Hamilton
对检查敏感，会妨碍对阴囊及其内容物的准确体检。一种用于阴囊检查的“小部件”高分辨率超声扫描仪的开发，促进了对病理情况的诊断。通过将阴囊靠在扫描设备的水浴上，操作者可以以快速、无痛、无害和非侵入性的方式获得超声图像。虽然标准的阴囊超声检查可以分辨出大约1厘米的结构，但高分辨率的机器能够分辨出小到3毫米的结构。在这些机器上增加了“实时”元素，也使操作者有可能获得阴囊内容物的动态图像。在加州大学圣地亚哥分校，22名患者被转介以评估可能的阴囊内病理情况。其中7例为睾丸内肿块，2例为睾丸外肿块，3例为精索积液或精索积液，8例为附睾炎和精索炎性病变，2例睾丸正常。在超声检查认为有睾丸内肿块的7名患者中，有5名患者在手术探查时发现有睾丸肿瘤。虽然小部件超声扫描仪有助于区分睾丸内和睾丸外的病理改变，但对睾丸或精索扭转的诊断帮助不大。在这种情况下，多普勒超声听诊器(用于检测周围血管血流)结合临床检查，给出了较好的诊断结果。
sensitivity to examination, can hamper accurate physical examination of the scrotum and its contents. Development of a "small parts" high-resolution ultrasound scanning apparatus for examining the scrotum has facilitated the diagnosis of pathological conditions. By placing the scrotum against the water bath of the scanning apparatus the operator can obtain an ultrasonic picture in a rapid, painless, harmless and noninvasive manner. While standard ultrasonography of the scrotum can resolve structures of approximately 1 cm, high-resolution machines have the capability to resolve structures as small as 3 mm. The addition of a "real time" element to these machines also makes it possible for the operator to obtain a dynamic picture of the contents of the scrotum. At the University of California, San Diego, 22 patients were referred for evaluation of possible intrascrotal pathological conditions. These were characterized as follows: intratesticular masses in seven cases, extratesticular masses in two cases, extratesticular fluid of hydrocele or spermatocele origin in three cases and inflammations involving the epididymis and spermatic cord in eight cases; two patients were found to have normal testes. Of the seven patients considered to have intratesticular masses based on ultrasonographic findings, five were found to have a testicular tumor at surgical exploration. While the small parts ultrasound scanner is useful in differentiating intratesticular from extratesticular pathology, it is not very helpful in the diagnosis of testicular or spermatic cord torsion. In this case, the Doppler ultrasonic stethoscope (used in detecting peripheral vascular blood flow) combined with clinical examination has given better diagnostic results.