A clearer view of Southern Ocean air-sea interaction using surface heat flux asymmetry.
A clearer view of Southern Ocean air-sea interaction using surface heat flux asymmetry.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2022.0067
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发表时间：
2023-06-26
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Schulz, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Josey, Simon A.;Grist, Jeremy P.;Mecking, Jennifer V.;Moat, Ben I.;Schulz, Eric
讨论了了解南大洋热交换和风力强迫方面的进展并提出了新结果。其中包括大西洋/印度区域表面海洋热量增益与太平洋区域热量损失之间区域不对称性的度量。这种不对称性是由海面和近地表大气之间湿度梯度的交叉变化引起的。与大西洋/印度地区相比，太平洋地区的梯度增加了 60%，潜热损失强 20 Wm−2。新指标用于大气再分析和 CMIP6 气候模拟的相互比较。与重新分析相比，CMIP6 的大西洋/印度洋部门得热较弱，这主要是由于印度洋部门的差异。探索了表面通量浮标提供基于观测的不对称度量对应物的潜力。在过去的十年中，通量浮标已部署在两个地点（塔斯马尼亚南部和德雷克海峡上游）。对这些系泊装置提供的数据记录进行了评估，并为第三个浮标对不对称度量的大西洋/印度部分进行采样提出了论据。最后，我们使用 ERA5 再分析评估了近几十年来主要西风带加强并向南移动的证据。本文是讨论会议问题“南大洋的热量和碳吸收：最新技术和未来优先事项”的一部分。
Progress in understanding Southern Ocean heat exchange and wind forcing is discussed and new results presented. These include a metric of the zonal asymmetry between surface ocean heat gain in the Atlantic/Indian sector and heat loss in the Pacific sector. The asymmetry arises from an intersector variation in the humidity gradient between the sea surface and near-surface atmosphere. This gradient increases by 60% in the Pacific sector enabling a 20 Wm−2 stronger latent heat loss compared with the Atlantic/Indian sector. The new metric is used for intercomparison of atmospheric reanalyses and CMIP6 climate simulations. CMIP6 has weaker Atlantic/Indian sector heat gain compared with the reanalyses primarily due to Indian Ocean sector differences. The potential for surface flux buoys to provide an observation-based counterpart to the asymmetry metric is explored. Over the past decade, flux buoys have been deployed at two sites (south of Tasmania and upstream of Drake Passage). The data record provided by these moorings is assessed and an argument developed for a third buoy to sample the Atlantic/Indian sector of the asymmetry metric. To close, we assess evidence that the main westerly wind belt has strengthened and moved southward in recent decades using the ERA5 reanalysis. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'.
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