Euphorigenic drugs: effects on the reward pathways of the brain.
Euphorigenic drugs: effects on the reward pathways of the brain.
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欣快药：对大脑奖赏途径的影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Esposito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Kornetsky;R. Esposito
本报告总结了一些旨在研究大鼠在给予吗啡和一些麻醉激动剂-拮抗剂以及三种广泛非医疗用途的非麻醉药物（可卡因、d-安非他明和苯环利定）后颅内自我刺激（ICSS）阈值变化的实验。这些实验的结果清楚地表明，吗啡降低了ICSS的阈值，而且，似乎很少或根本没有对这种效果的耐受性。唯一能持续降低ICSS阈值的混合激动剂-拮抗剂是戊唑嗪。可卡因、d-安非他明，以及在较小程度上苯环利定也能降低ICSS阈值。这些结果表明，这些药物的滥用倾向可能与它们对自然奖励相关的神经基质敏感的能力直接相关。
This report summarizes a number of experiments designed to examine the changes in the threshold for intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) in the rat after the administration of morphine and a number of narcotic agonist-antagonists, as well as three nonnarcotic drugs that have extensive nonmedical use (cocaine, d-amphetamine, and phencyclidine). The results of these experiments clearly indicate that morphine lowers the threshold for ICSS and, furthermore, there appears to be little or no tolerance to this effect. The only mixed agonist-antagonist that consistently lowered the ICSS threshold was pentazocine. Cocaine, d-amphetamine, and to a lesser degree, phencyclidine also lowered the ICSS threshold. These results suggest that the abuse liability of these agents may be directly related to their ability to sensitize the neural substrate involved with natural reward.