Refining the Tobacco Dependence Phenotype Using the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives
Refining the Tobacco Dependence Phenotype Using the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives
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DOI：
10.1037/a0013298
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Baker, Timothy B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piper, Megan E.;Bolt, Daniel M.;Baker, Timothy B.
从科学和公共卫生的角度来看，烟草依赖的结构都很重要，但人们对它的了解很少。目前的研究将以人为中心的分析（如潜在剖面分析）和以变量为中心的分析（如探索性因子分析）相结合，阐明尼古丁依赖的潜在结构，指导表型的提炼。使用来自4个吸烟者样本的数据，使用威斯康辛吸烟依赖动机量表得分获得潜在概况。在所有4个样本中，结果显示了一个独特的潜在特征，在4个分量表（自动性、渴望、失去控制和耐受性）上有相对的升高。以变量为中心的分析支持这4个子量表的独特性，因为它们构成了一个独特的共同因素，是复发和其他依赖标准的最强预测因子。相反，其余9种动机在依赖性方面几乎没有独特的预测效度。因子混合模型的应用进一步支持了吸烟者的独特类别与4个分量表下的共同因素的关系。结果表明，大量、普遍、自动和对工具偶然性相对无反应的吸烟模式是严重尼古丁依赖的必要和充分条件。
The construct of tobacco dependence is important from both scientific and public health perspectives, but it is poorly understood. The current research integrates person-centered analyses (e.g., latent profile analysis) and variable-centered analyses (e.g., exploratory factor analysis) to clarify the latent structure of nicotine dependence and to guide distillation of the phenotype. Using data from 4 samples of smokers, latent profiles were derived using the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives subscale scores. Across all 4 samples, results revealed a unique latent profile that had relative elevations on 4 subscales (Automaticity, Craving, Loss of Control, and Tolerance). Variable-centered analyses supported the uniqueness of these 4 subscales as they constituted a distinct common factor and were the strongest predictors of relapse and other dependence criteria. Conversely, the remaining 9 motives carried little unique predictive validity regarding dependence. Applications of a factor mixture model further supported the presence of a unique class of smokers in relation to a common factor underlying the 4 subscales. The results suggest that a pattern of smoking that is heavy, pervasive, automatic, and relatively unresponive to instrumental contingencies is a necessary and sufficient condition for severe nicotine dependence.