Identifying Different Classes of Seismic Noise Signals Using Unsupervised Learning

Identifying Different Classes of Seismic Noise Signals Using Unsupervised Learning
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使用无监督学习识别不同类别的地震噪声信号

DOI:
10.1029/2020gl088353
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Vernon, Frank
Vernon, Frank
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Johnson, Christopher W.;Ben‐Zion, Yehuda;Meng, Haoran;Vernon, Frank

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非构造地震信号的正确分类对于检测微地震和更好地了解持续的弱地面运动至关重要。我们使用无监督机器学习来标记连续波形中常见的五类非平稳地震噪声。描述数据的时间和频谱特征被聚集起来,以识别可分离类型的突发波形和脉冲波形。经过训练的聚类模型用于对站间距为 10-30 m 的密集地震阵列中每 1 s 的连续地震记录进行分类。我们表明,主要噪声信号可以高度局部化,并且在数百米的长度范围内变化。该方法论证了弱地震动的复杂性,提高了低信噪比地震波形的分析水平。该技术的应用将提高在嘈杂环境中检测真实微震事件的能力,其中地震传感器记录源自非构造源的类地震信号。
Proper classification of nontectonic seismic signals is critical for detecting microearthquakes and developing an improved understanding of ongoing weak ground motions. We use unsupervised machine learning to label five classes of nonstationary seismic noise common in continuous waveforms. Temporal and spectral features describing the data are clustered to identify separable types of emergent and impulsive waveforms. The trained clustering model is used to classify every 1 s of continuous seismic records from a dense seismic array with 10–30 m station spacing. We show that dominate noise signals can be highly localized and vary on length scales of hundreds of meters. The methodology demonstrates the complexity of weak ground motions and improves the standard of analyzing seismic waveforms with a low signal‐to‐noise ratio. Application of this technique will improve the ability to detect genuine microseismic events in noisy environments where seismic sensors record earthquake‐like signals originating from nontectonic sources.
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