The effect of low-frequency electromagnetic field on human bone marrow stem/progenitor cell differentiation.
The effect of low-frequency electromagnetic field on human bone marrow stem/progenitor cell differentiation.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.scr.2015.04.009
复制
发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Harrison BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ross CL;Siriwardane M;Almeida-Porada G;Porada CD;Brink P;Christ GJ;Harrison BS
人骨髓基质细胞（hBMSCs，也称为骨髓源间充质干细胞）是一种包含骨骼干细胞（hSSCs）亚群的祖细胞，能够重建软骨、骨、支持造血的基质和骨髓脂肪细胞。因此，它们具有自我更新和分化的能力，已成为再生医学和组织工程发展战略的重要资源。ssc /BMSCs的分化依赖于生物物理和生化刺激，这有利于早期和快速激活体内组织修复过程。暴露于外源刺激如电磁场（EMF）可以通过离子动力学和小信号分子促进ssc /BMSCs的分化。质膜通常被认为是EMF信号的主要目标，大多数结果指出，由于受体位点作为信号级联的调节剂，对离子或配体结合的速率有影响。离子通量密切参与干细胞向特定方向移动和生长以形成组织和器官的分化控制。电磁场影响许多生物功能，如基因表达、细胞命运和细胞分化，但只会在一定的低频和低振幅范围内诱导这些影响。据报道，EMF可有效促进造血干细胞/骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨和软骨形成，无文献记载的负面影响。研究表明，特定的EMF频率可以增强hSSC/BMSC的粘附、增殖、分化和活力，所有这些都在将hsc /BMSC用于组织工程中发挥关键作用。虽然许多电磁场研究报告了分化过程的显著增强，但结果因实验和环境条件而异。在这里，我们回顾了特定的电磁场参数（频率、强度和暴露时间）如何显著调节体外hSSC/BMSC分化。我们讨论了在体内使用EMF治疗有效分化hSSC/BMSC的最佳条件和参数，以及如何将这些转化为临床试验。
Human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs, also known as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells) are a population of progenitor cells that contain a subset of skeletal stem cells (hSSCs), able to recreate cartilage, bone, stroma that supports hematopoiesis and marrow adipocytes. As such, they have become an important resource in developing strategies for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to their self-renewal and differentiation capabilities. The differentiation of SSCs/BMSCs is dependent on exposure to biophysical and biochemical stimuli that favor early and rapid activation of the in vivo tissue repair process. Exposure to exogenous stimuli such as an electromagnetic field (EMF) can promote differentiation of SSCs/BMSCs via ion dynamics and small signaling molecules. The plasma membrane is often considered to be the main target for EMF signals and most results point to an effect on the rate of ion or ligand binding due to a receptor site acting as a modulator of signaling cascades. Ion fluxes are closely involved in differentiation control as stem cells move and grow in specific directions to form tissues and organs. EMF affects numerous biological functions such as gene expression, cell fate, and cell differentiation, but will only induce these effects within a certain range of low frequencies as well as low amplitudes. EMF has been reported to be effective in the enhancement of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of hSSCs/BMSCs with no documented negative effects. Studies show specific EMF frequencies enhance hSSC/BMSC adherence, proliferation, differentiation, and viability, all of which play a key role in the use of hSSCs/BMSCs for tissue engineering. While many EMF studies report significant enhancement of the differentiation process, results differ depending on the experimental and environmental conditions. Here we review how specific EMF parameters (frequency, intensity, and time of exposure) significantly regulate hSSC/BMSC differentiation in vitro. We discuss optimal conditions and parameters for effective hSSC/BMSC differentiation using EMF treatment in an in vivo setting, and how these can be translated to clinical trials.