The Emergence of China and the Evolution of International Trade in Brazil
The Emergence of China and the Evolution of International Trade in Brazil
复制标题
中国的崛起与巴西国际贸易的演变
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.1994533
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Soledad Zignago
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Dos Santos;Soledad Zignago
我们利用一个新颖的数据集，该数据集结合了每种产品的技术含量及其质量，揭示了巴西与中国贸易流动的一些特征，并挑战了中国的出现意味着巴西出口去工业化的观点。我们发现，巴西越来越多地向中国出口技术含量较低的产品，越来越多地进口技术含量较高的产品。数据集的质量维度显示，两国相互出口的基本上是低质量的商品。我们发现，从1994年到2007年，两国具有比较优势的产品数量下降，两国在1994年已经具有优势的产品中的优势增加，而在当时具有较小优势的生产部门中失去了优势。由于亚洲国家的崛起，巴西商品出口大幅增加。然而，巴西高技术含量和高质量的出口增长高于平均水平，也高于低技术和低质量的出口。总的来说，中国的崛起不仅使巴西的出口转向天然产品，而且转向质量更高、技术含量更高的产品。
We take advantage of a novel dataset that incorporates the technological content of each product and its quality to unveil some features of Brazil-China’s trade flows and challenge the view that the emergence of China would imply the deindustrialization of Brazilian exports. We show that Brazil increasingly exports to China products with lower technological content and increasingly imports products with higher technological content. The quality dimension of the dataset reveals that both countries export to each other basically low-quality goods. We show that from 1994 to 2007 the number of products in which the two countries have comparative advantage declined and that both countries increased their advantage in the products in which they already had advantage in 1994 and lost advantage in the sectors in which they had small advantage in producing by then. Brazilian exports of commodities increased significantly due to the emergence of Asian countries. However, Brazilian exports of high technological content and high quality increased more than the average and more than low technological and low quality exports. Overall, the emergence of China has been supporting a displacement of Brazilian exports not only towards natural-based products but also to goods with higher quality and higher technological content.