Workload or Situational Awareness?: TLX vs. SART for Aerospace Systems Design Evaluation
Workload or Situational Awareness?: TLX vs. SART for Aerospace Systems Design Evaluation
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工作量还是态势感知？：用于航空航天系统设计评估的 TLX 与 SART
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Koritsas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Selcon;R.M. Taylor;E. Koritsas
工作负荷和态势感知（SA）已被公认为航空航天系统设计评估的重要考虑因素。本文考虑使用主观技术的测量工作量和SA，即美国宇航局TLX工作量规模和态势感知评级技术（SART），并比较了诊断和灵敏度的计算机图形飞行模拟环境中的每一个。SART的10维和3维实现都进行了测试。12名英国皇家空军飞行员被要求使用TLX和SART技术对空战飞行模拟序列的录像带进行评分。任务难度在所使用的飞行序列之间变化。实验组根据他们的飞行经验进行分组。任务难度和经验作为实验中的主要自变量进行了分析。结果表明，虽然这两个规模是敏感的任务难度，只有SART表现出任何经验条件之间的差异。这意味着，SART可能有一些额外的效用，运营商的能力或领域的专业知识是一个设计变量。相互关系表明，两个尺度之间的大量重叠的一些因素。这些因素进行了讨论，试图澄清规模之间的差异和相似之处，以及工作量和SA的概念之间的共性程度。这种差异的影响被认为是在航空航天系统设计和评价的应用领域。
Both workload and situational awareness (SA) have been recognised as important considerations in aerospace system design evaluation. This paper considers the use of subjective techniques for the measurement of workload and SA, namely the NASA TLX workload scale and the Situational Awareness Rating Technique (SART), and compares the diagnosticity and sensitivity of each within a computer-graphics flight simulation environment. Both the 10-dimensional and 3-dimensional implementations of SART were tested. Twelve RAF pilots were asked to rate a videotape of an air combat flight simulation sequence, using the TLX and SART techniques. Task difficulty was varied between the flight sequences used. The experimental group was split according to their flying experience. Task difficulty and experience were analysed as the main independent variables in the experiment. Results showed that although both scales were sensitive to task difficulty, only SART showed any differences between experience conditions. This implies that SART may have some added utility where operator capability or domain expertise is a design variable. Intercorrelations showed a substantial overlap between the two scales on a number of factors. These factors are discussed to attempt to clarify both differences and similarities between the scales, and also the degree of commonality between the concepts of workload and SA. The implications of such differences are considered within the application domain of aerospace systems design and evaluation.