Binds and bounds of communion: effects of interpersonal values on assumed similarity of self and others.
Binds and bounds of communion: effects of interpersonal values on assumed similarity of self and others.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0029422
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发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
K. Locke;Traci Y. Craig;K. Baik;Krutika Gohil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Locke;Traci Y. Craig;K. Baik;Krutika Gohil
假设相似性是指将相似的属性归因于自我和他人。因为自我他人相似有助于交流，重视交流的人应该倾向于假设自我他人相似；但因为自我他人相似也会唤起义务，他们可能只倾向于假设与他们正在或将会感到舒服地相互联系的他人相似。我们在5项研究(总N=1,709)中检验了这些假设。在研究一中，学生表明了自己的政治偏好，并估计了其他学生的偏好。在研究2-5中，学生描述了他们的个性以及以下对象的个性：研究2中的真实或想象中的恋人；研究3-4中的组内成员(来自被调查者所在大学的学生)和组外成员(来自外国大学的学生)；以及研究5中具体喜欢和不喜欢其他人的个性。正如假设的那样，具有较强的共同价值观的人更有可能与喜欢的其他人、恋人和组内成员有自我他人相似之处，但与不喜欢的其他人和组外成员不同。这些影响在不同的文化(印度、韩国和美国)中复制，并且在控制自尊、民族认同感和属性可取性时仍然显著。尽管重视共融的人倾向于以相对规范(典型)的方式描述自己、喜欢他人并将其组合在一起，这部分解释了相似性的假设，并表明这些假设在一定程度上是准确的，但即使在控制了属性的规范性流行之后，共同价值观仍预测着明显的自我-他者相似性或“虚假共识”。
Assumed similarity refers to ascribing similar attributes to the self and others. Because self-other similarity facilitates communion, people who value communion should be prone to assume self-other similarity; but because self-other similarity also evokes obligation, they may be prone to assume similarity only with others with whom they are or would feel comfortable being interconnected. We tested these hypotheses in 5 studies (total N = 1,709). In Study 1, students indicated their political preferences and estimated other students' preferences. In Studies 2-5, students described their personality and the personalities of the following targets: actual or imagined romantic partners in Study 2; ingroup members (students from the respondents' university) and outgroup members (students from a foreign university) in Studies 3-4; and specific liked and disliked others in Study 5. As hypothesized, people with stronger communal values were more likely to assume self-other similarity with liked others, romantic partners, and ingroup members, but not with disliked others and outgroup members. These effects replicated across different cultures (India, Korea, and the United States) and remained significant when controlling for self-esteem, national identification, and attribute desirability. Although people who valued communion tended to depict themselves and liked and ingroup others in relatively normative (typical) ways, which partially explained assumptions of similarity and indicated that those assumptions were to some extent accurate, communal values continued to predict distinctive self-other similarity or "false consensus" even after controlling for the normative prevalence of attributes.