MHC ANTIGENS IN URINE AS OLFACTORY RECOGNITION CUES
MHC ANTIGENS IN URINE AS OLFACTORY RECOGNITION CUES
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/327161a0
复制
发表时间：
1987-05-14
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
ROSER, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SINGH, PB;BROWN, RE;ROSER, B
主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) 的经典 I 类抗原是细胞表面糖蛋白，最初被发现是因为它们会导致无关个体之间移植的细胞或组织的快速排斥。这些分子由小鼠 MHC 的 K、D 和 L 基因座（以及其他物种中的类似基因座）编码，显示出极端的物种多态性和大量等位基因1。在近交群体中，3.6 x 109 个独特的 MHC I 类表型可以由每个 K 和 D 基因座 2 的 100 个等位基因以及 L 基因座 3 的 6 个等位基因编码。这种水平的多态性确保了每个不相关个体的细胞和组织都可以通过其 I 类膜结合抗原进行唯一识别。与其他膜结合蛋白一样，这些 I 类分子通过外显子 5 编码的疏水结构域锚定在脂质双层中。然而，有报道称，在人类 4,5、小鼠 6,7 和大鼠 8 血液中的真溶液中出现了经典 I 类分子。我们在此报道，正常大鼠中的经典多态性 I 类分子在尿液中组成型排泄，未经训练的大鼠可以区分取自正常供体的尿液样本的气味，这些样本仅在 I 类 MHC 基因座上有所不同，因此在尿液中分泌不同的 I 类分子的等位基因。
The classical class I antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are cell-surface glycoproteins which were originally discovered because they cause rapid rejection of cells or tissues grafted between unrelated individuals. These molecules are encoded by theK,DandLloci of the mouse MHC (and analogous loci in other species) which show extreme species polymorphism and a large number of alleles1. In an outbreeding population 3.6 x109unique MHC class I phenotypes can be encoded by the 100 alleles at each of theKandDloci2and the 6 alleles at theLlocus3. This level of polymorphism ensures that the cells and tissues of each unrelated individual are uniquely identified by their class I membrane-bound antigens. Like other membrane bound proteins, these class I molecules are anchored in the lipid bilayer by a hydrophobic domain encoded by exon 5. However, there have been reports of the occurrence of classical class I molecules in true solution in the blood of humans4,5, mice6,7, and rats8. We report here that classical polymorphic class I molecules in normal rats are constitutively excreted in the urine and that untrained rats can distinguish the smell of urine samples taken from normal donors that differ only at the class I MHC locus and therefore excrete different allelomorphs of class I molecules in their urine.