The SWPER index for women's empowerment in Africa: development and validation of an index based on survey data
The SWPER index for women's empowerment in Africa: development and validation of an index based on survey data
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DOI：
10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30292-9
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
34.3
通讯作者：
Barros, Aluisio J. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ewerling, Fernanda;Lynch, John W.;Barros, Aluisio J. D.
可持续发展目标强烈关注公平问题。目标5明确旨在增强所有妇女和女童的权能，强调需要有一个可靠的指标来跟踪进展情况。我们的目标是根据广泛可用的数据来源制定一项新的妇女赋权指标，扩大对妇女赋权进行监测和研究的机会。方法我们使用来自34个非洲国家的人口和健康调查数据，目标是目前有伴侣的妇女。我们确定了大多数调查中与妇女赋权相关的项目，并使用主成分分析来提取成分。我们使用三种卫生干预措施的覆盖率作为结果，进行了一个趋同验证过程；以及通过分析与性别发展指数的相关性进行外部验证的过程。与妇女赋权相关的15个项目被选中。我们保留了三个组成部分（占总变异的50%），在轮换之后，它们被确定为赋权的三个维度：对暴力的态度、社会独立和决策。各维度均与性别发展指数有中高相关。社会独立与更高的母婴干预覆盖率有关；对暴力和决策的态度更一致地与使用现代避孕有关。该指数名为基于调查的妇女赋权指数（SWPER），有可能扩大对妇女赋权的研究，并更好地估计其对卫生干预措施和结果的影响。它允许国家内部和国家之间的比较，以及时间趋势分析，没有其他基于调查的指数提供。版权(C)作者(s)。Elsevier Ltd.出版。这是一篇基于CC BY 4.0许可的开放获取文章。
Background The Sustainable Development Goals strongly focus on equity. Goal 5 explicitly aims to empower all women and girls, reinforcing the need to have a reliable indicator to track progress. Our objective was to develop a novel women's empowerment indicator from widely available data sources, broadening opportunities for monitoring and research on women's empowerment.Methods We used Demographic and Health Survey data from 34 African countries, targeting currently partnered women. We identified items related to women's empowerment present in most surveys, and used principal component analysis to extract the components. We carried out a convergent validation process using coverage of three health interventions as outcomes; and an external validation process by analysing correlations with the Gender Development Index.Findings 15 items related to women's empowerment were selected. We retained three components (50% of total variation) which, after rotation, were identified as three dimensions of empowerment: attitude to violence, social independence, and decision making. All dimensions had moderate to high correlation with the Gender Development Index. Social independence was associated with higher coverage of maternal and child interventions; attitude to violence and decision making were more consistently associated with the use of modern contraception.Interpretation The index, named Survey-based Women's emPowERment index (SWPER), has potential to widen the research on women's empowerment and to give a better estimate of its effect on health interventions and outcomes. It allows within-country and between-country comparison, as well as time trend analysis, which no other survey-based index provides. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.