Nicotine-induced cortical activation among nonsmokers with moderation by trait cognitive control
Nicotine-induced cortical activation among nonsmokers with moderation by trait cognitive control
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-016-4276-z
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Evans, David E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sutton, Steven K.;Van Rensburg, Kate Janse;Evans, David E.
相当多的研究表明，尼古丁增强了认知控制相关的过程（例如，注意力，记忆力），在行为和神经指标方面（例如，ERP，慢波EEG）。尼古丁也可能增加非吸烟者的认知控制，这可能会因认知控制的特性而异。研究尼古丁对非吸烟者认知控制相关过程的影响是很重要的，因为这些影响可能为开始吸烟提供了一条途径。本研究的目的是在非吸烟者中研究（1）尼古丁对静息皮质活动的影响，这是认知控制的一种间接测量方法，和（2）特质认知控制作为尼古丁诱导的皮层活动变化的调节剂。80名参与者在不同的阶段接受安慰剂和7 mg尼古丁贴片，受试者内研究。静息状态下的皮层活动用EEG测量，持续3分钟，眼睛睁开，额叶和中央区域的平均α-1波段功率密度值在尼古丁与安慰剂条件下较低，这提供了尼古丁诱导的皮层激活的证据。此外，那些自我报告的认知控制能力较低的人表现出更大的尼古丁诱导的α-1功率密度value.These尼古丁诱导的皮层激活的个体差异的减少是一致的尼古丁自我治疗的模型，即认知控制能力较低的个人可能会发现吸烟更多的加强通过改善相关的认知缺陷。
Considerable research suggests that nicotine enhances cognitive control-related processes (e.g., attention, memory) among nicotine-deprived smokers, both in terms of behavior and neural indices (e.g., ERP, slow-wave EEG). Nicotine may also increase cognitive control among nonsmokers, and this may vary as a function of trait cognitive control. It is important to examine the effects of nicotine on cognitive control-related processes among nonsmokers as these effects may provide a path for the initiation of smoking.The objectives of the study were to examine in nonsmokers (1) the effect of nicotine on resting cortical activity, an indirect measure of cognitive control, and (2) trait cognitive control as a moderator of nicotine-induced cortical activity changes.Eighty participants were given placebo and 7-mg nicotine patches in separate sessions for this counter-balanced, double-blind, within-subject study. Resting cortical activity was measured with EEG for a 3-min period with eyes opened.Average alpha-1 band power density values in frontal and central regions were lower during the nicotine versus placebo condition, which provides evidence of nicotine-induced cortical activation. Furthermore, those with lower self-reported cognitive control exhibited greater nicotine-induced reductions in alpha-1 power density values.These individual differences in nicotine-induced cortical activation are consistent with a model of nicotine self-medication whereby individuals with lower cognitive control may find smoking more reinforcing via amelioration of related cognitive deficits.