North-East Asian Super Grid for 100% renewable energy supply: Optimal mix of energy technologies for electricity, gas and heat supply options
North-East Asian Super Grid for 100% renewable energy supply: Optimal mix of energy technologies for electricity, gas and heat supply options
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enconman.2016.01.019
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发表时间：
2016-03-15
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Breyer, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bogdanov, Dmitrii;Breyer, Christian
为了定义一个成本最优的100%可再生能源系统，已经创建了一个小时解决模型的基础上，在给定的约束条件下的能源系统参数的线性优化。该模型由东北亚100%可再生能源电力系统的五种情景组成，这些情景具有不同的高压直流输电网发展水平，包括工业气体需求和额外的能源安全。可再生能源可以提供足够的能源来满足该地区2030年的电力和天然气需求，并以84（sic）/MW h（el）的成本竞争力水平提供超过2000 TW h（th）的热量。此外，这可以在2013年日本液化天然气进口价格水平的合成天然气价格下实现，并且没有可用热量的额外发电成本。如果只考虑电力部门，总面积系统成本可能达到69.4（sic）/MW h（el）。在这个系统中，大约20%的能量在13个区域之间交换，反映了一个相当分散的特征，其中27%由储存的能量提供。主要的存储技术是用于日常存储的电池和用于季节性存储的电力到天然气。由于有利的经济条件，生产消费者可能会发挥重要作用。具有非常高的能源安全标准的高弹性能源系统将使电力成本增加23%，达到85.6（sic）/MW h（el）。结果清楚地表明，100%基于可再生能源的系统是可行的，并且成本低于核能和化石碳捕获和储存替代品。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
In order to define a cost optimal 100% renewable energy system, an hourly resolved model has been created based on linear optimization of energy system parameters under given constrains. The model is comprised of five scenarios for 100% renewable energy power systems in North-East Asia with different high voltage direct current transmission grid development levels, including industrial gas demand and additional energy security. Renewables can supply enough energy to cover the estimated electricity and gas demands of the area in the year 2030 and deliver more than 2000 TW h(th) of heat on a cost competitive level of 84 (sic)/MW h(el) for electricity. Further, this can be accomplished for a synthetic natural gas price at the 2013 Japanese liquefied natural gas import price level and at no additional generation costs for the available heat. The total area system cost could reach 69.4 (sic)/MW h(el), if only the electricity sector is taken into account. In this system about 20% of the energy is exchanged between the 13 regions, reflecting a rather decentralized character which is supplied 27% by stored energy. The major storage technologies are batteries for daily storage and power-to-gas for seasonal storage. Prosumers are likely to play a significant role due to favourable economics. A highly resilient energy system with very high energy security standards would increase the electricity cost by 23% to 85.6 (sic)/MW h(el). The results clearly show that a 100% renewable energy based system is feasible and lower in cost than nuclear energy and fossil carbon capture and storage alternatives. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.