Sanitation: A Global Estimate of Sewerage Connections without Treatment and the Resulting Impact on MDG Progress
Sanitation: A Global Estimate of Sewerage Connections without Treatment and the Resulting Impact on MDG Progress
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DOI：
10.1021/es304284f
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发表时间：
2013-02-19
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Bartram, Jamie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baum, Rachel;Luh, Jeanne;Bartram, Jamie
重新评估了千年发展目标具体目标7 c的环境卫生部分的进展情况，以考虑到保护社区和更广泛人口免受人类排泄物影响的必要性。只有在污水在排放到环境中之前经过处理，我们才将污水系统的连接归类为“改善的卫生”。2010年，有167个国家提供了污水连接数据;其中77个国家公布了污水处理普及率数据。我们开发了一个经验模型来估计另外47个国家的污水处理普及率。我们估计，2010年，全球40%的人口（28亿人）使用改善的卫生设施，而世卫组织/联合国儿童基金会联合监测计划（JMP）估计的数字为62%（43亿人），41亿人无法获得改善的卫生设施。在千年发展目标监测中，将未经处理的污水重新定义为“未经改善的卫生设施”，将使1990年使用未经改善的卫生设施的基线人口从53%提高到64%，相应的2015年目标从27%提高到32%。按照目前的进展速度，我们估计2010年将短缺28个百分点（19亿人），预计2015年将短缺27个百分点。
Progress toward the sanitation component of Millennium Development Goal (MDG) Target 7c was reassessed to account for the need to protect communities and the wider population from exposure to human excreta. We classified connections to sewerage as "improved sanitation" only if the sewage was treated before discharge to the environment. Sewerage connection data was available for 167 countries in 2010; of these, 77 had published data on sewage treatment prevalence. We developed an empirical model to estimate sewage treatment prevalence for 47 additional countries. We estimate that in 2010, 40% of the global population (2.8 billion people) used improved sanitation, as opposed to the estimate of 62% (4.3 billion people) from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), and that 4.1 billion people lacked access to an improved sanitation facility. Redefining sewerage-without-treatment as "unimproved sanitation" in MDG monitoring would raise the 1990 baseline population using unimproved sanitation from 53% to 64% and the corresponding 2015 target from 27% to 32%. At the current rate of progress, we estimate a shortfall of 28 percentage points (1.9 billion people) in 2010 and a projected 27 percentage point shortfall in 2015.