The cocktail party phenomenon revisited: The importance of working memory capacity
The cocktail party phenomenon revisited: The importance of working memory capacity
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03196169
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Bunting, MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conway, ARA;Cowan, N;Bunting, MF
伍德和科万（1995）复制并扩展了马里（1959）对鸡尾酒会现象的研究，鸡尾酒会指的是一种情况，在这种情况下，一个人只能注意到嘈杂环境的一部分，但高度相关的刺激，如自己的名字，可以突然引起注意。这两项先前的调查都表明，大约33%的受试者报告在无人值守的无关信息中听到自己的名字。在这里，我们发现，在无关信息中发现自己名字的受试者的工作记忆能力相对较低，这表明他们很难屏蔽或抑制分散注意力的信息。
Wood and Cowan (1995) replicated and extended Moray's (1959) investigation of the cocktail party phenomenon, which refers to a situation in which one can attend to only part of a noisy environment, yet highly pertinent stimuli such as one's own name can suddenly capture attention. Both of these previous investigations have shown that approximately 33% of subjects report hearing their own name in an unattended, irrelevant message. Here we show that subjects who detect their name in the irrelevant message have relatively low working-memory capacities, suggesting that they have difficulty blocking out, or inhibiting, distracting information.