Shared dimensions of performance and activation dysfunction in cognitive control in females with mood disorders.
Shared dimensions of performance and activation dysfunction in cognitive control in females with mood disorders.
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/awv070
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发表时间：
2015-05
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通讯作者：
K. Ryan;Erica L Dawson;M. Kassel;A. Weldon;David F. Marshall;K. K. Meyers-K.;Laura B. Gabriel;Aaron C. Vederman;S. Weisenbach;M. McInnis;J. Zubieta;S. Langenecker
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文献类型：
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作者：
K. Ryan;Erica L Dawson;M. Kassel;A. Weldon;David F. Marshall;K. K. Meyers-K.;Laura B. Gabriel;Aaron C. Vederman;S. Weisenbach;M. McInnis;J. Zubieta;S. Langenecker
重度抑郁症和双相情感障碍的共同症状可能反映了核心心境障碍的特征。这导致了对中间表型和维度方法的追求，以了解情绪障碍的神经生物学破坏。执行功能障碍，包括认知控制，可能代表了一个有前途的中间表型，在重性抑郁症和双相情感障碍。本研究采用两个独立的连续实验，与健康对照组相比，对重度抑郁症或双相情感障碍女性的认知控制维度进行了研究。对于实验1，参与者完成了行为认知控制任务（健康对照= 150，重度抑郁症= 260，双相情感障碍= 202;年龄范围17-84岁）。这些参与者的样本（健康对照= 17，重度抑郁症= 19，双相情感障碍= 16）完成了类似的认知控制任务，在实验2的事件相关设计功能磁共振成像协议。实验1的结果显示，与健康对照组相比，心境障碍患者在认知控制任务上的损害更大（P < 0.001），当使用临床截止值（<第5百分位数）时，心境障碍组中更多的人落入“受损”范围。实验2显示，只有少数领域的共享激活情绪障碍的差异大于健康对照组。激活分析使用性能作为回归因子，无论诊断，揭示了内部和外部网络领域，表现不佳者更活跃。总之，认知控制任务期间的表现和激活可能代表情绪障碍的中间表型。然而，认知控制功能障碍在患有情绪障碍的女性中并不一致，并且激活与表现的关系比疾病更大。这些发现支持亚型和维度的方法来理解情绪障碍的风险和表达，是一个有前途的调查领域，符合NIMH的研究领域标准倡议。
Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder share symptoms that may reflect core mood disorder features. This has led to the pursuit of intermediate phenotypes and a dimensional approach to understand neurobiological disruptions in mood disorders. Executive dysfunction, including cognitive control, may represent a promising intermediate phenotype across major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. This study examined dimensions of cognitive control in women with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in comparison to healthy control subjects using two separate, consecutive experiments. For Experiment 1, participants completed a behavioural cognitive control task (healthy controls = 150, major depressive disorder = 260, bipolar disorder = 202; age range 17-84 years). A sample of those participants (healthy controls = 17, major depressive disorder = 19, and bipolar disorder = 16) completed a similar cognitive control task in an event-related design functional magnetic resonance imaging protocol for Experiment 2. Results for Experiment 1 showed greater impairments on the cognitive control task in patients with mood disorders relative to healthy controls (P < 0.001), with more of those in the mood disorder group falling into the 'impaired' range when using clinical cut-offs (<5th percentile). Experiment 2 revealed only a few areas of shared activation differences in mood disorder greater than healthy controls. Activation analyses using performance as a regressor, irrespective of diagnosis, revealed within and extra-network areas that were more active in poor performers. In summary, performance and activation during cognitive control tasks may represent an intermediate phenotype for mood disorders. However, cognitive control dysfunction is not uniform across women with mood disorders, and activation is linked to performance more so than disease. These findings support subtype and dimensional approaches to understanding risk and expression of mood disorders and are a promising area of inquiry, in line with the Research Domain Criteria initiative of NIMH.