Neighborhood collective efficacy and environmental exposure to firearm homicide among a national sample of adolescents.
Neighborhood collective efficacy and environmental exposure to firearm homicide among a national sample of adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40621-023-00435-8
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发表时间：
2023-06-09
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kravitz-Wirtz, Nicole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aubel, Amanda J. J.;Bruns, Angela;Zhang, Xiaoya;Buggs, Shani;Kravitz-Wirtz, Nicole
生活在枪支暴力事件附近可能会对青年产生负面影响，无论是否亲身经历过暴力。家庭和邻里资源的不平等可能会影响不同种族/民族群体暴露的普遍性和后果。利用家庭和儿童福祉研究的未来和枪支暴力档案的数据，我们估计，在2014-17年期间，美国大城市中约有四分之一的青少年生活在过去一年枪支凶杀案的800米（0.5英里）范围内。暴露风险下降，家庭收入和邻里集体效能的增加，但鲜明的种族/民族不平等仍然存在。在不同种族/民族群体中，中等或高集体效能社区的贫困家庭青少年与低集体效能社区的中高收入青少年在过去一年中遭受枪支凶杀的风险相似。增强社区建立和利用社会关系的能力可能与收入支持一样，对减少枪支暴力风险具有影响力。全面预防暴力的努力应包括联合加强家庭和社区资源的系统一级战略。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s40621-023-00435-8获得。
Living near an incident of firearm violence can negatively impact youth, regardless of whether the violence is experienced firsthand. Inequities in household and neighborhood resources may affect the prevalence and consequences of exposure across racial/ethnic groups. Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study and the Gun Violence Archive, we estimate that approximately 1 in 4 adolescents in large US cities lived within 800 m (0.5 miles) of a past-year firearm homicide during 2014–17. Exposure risk decreased as household income and neighborhood collective efficacy increased, though stark racial/ethnic inequities remained. Across racial/ethnic groups, adolescents in poor households in moderate or high collective efficacy neighborhoods had a similar risk of past-year firearm homicide exposure as middle-to-high income adolescents in low collective efficacy neighborhoods. Empowering communities to build and leverage social ties may be as impactful for reducing firearm violence exposure as income supports. Comprehensive violence prevention efforts should include systems-level strategies that jointly strengthen family and community resources. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40621-023-00435-8.