The detection of intentional contingencies in simple animations in patients with delusions of persecution
The detection of intentional contingencies in simple animations in patients with delusions of persecution
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291703008341
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Decety, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blakemore, SJ;Sarfati, Y;Decety, J
背景资料。有人提出，迫害妄想症是由将恶意意图过度归因于他人行为的倾向造成的。意图归因的一个方面是检测代理人的行为和意图之间的偶然性。在这里，我们使用简化的刺激来检验假设，即被害妄想症患者过度归因于代理人的行动。向三组受试者呈现了简短的动画：(1)精神分裂症患者；(2)情感障碍患者；(3)正常对照受试者。根据是否存在迫害妄想对患者进行分类。参与者观看了四种类型的电影，电影有两个形状。在一半的电影中，一种形状的运动取决于另一种形状。偶然性要么是“故意”的：当一个形状“看到”另一个形状时，它就会移动；或者是“机械的”：一个形状被另一个形状发射。受试者被要求对形状移动之间的关系的强度进行评级。正常对照受试者和没有迫害妄想的患者认为，在机械和有意的偶然条件下，形状移动之间的关系比在非偶然条件下更强。相比之下，患有迫害妄想症的患者在运动活跃的条件下的评分没有显著差异。有迫害妄想症的患者在活生生的非偶然性条件下没有偶然性的情况下，却感知到偶然性。结果表明，迫害妄想可能与将偶然性过度归因于代理人的行为有关。
Background. It has been proposed that delusions of persecution are caused by the tendency to over-attribute malevolent intentions to other people's actions. One aspect of intention attribution is detecting contingencies between an agent's actions and intentions. Here, we used simplified stimuli to test the hypothesis that patients with persecutory delusions over-attribute contingency to agents' movements.Method. Short animations were presented to three groups of subjects: (1) schizophrenic patients; (2) patients with affective disorders; and (3) normal control subjects. Patients were divided on the basis of the presence or absence of delusions of persecution. Participants watched four types of film featuring two shapes. In half the films one shape's movement was contingent on the other shape. Contingency was either 'intentional': one shape moved when it 'saw' another shape; or 'mechanical : one shape was launched by the other shape. Subjects were asked to rate the strength of the relationship between the movement of the shapes.Results. Normal control subjects and patients without delusions of persecution rated the relationship between the movement of the shapes as stronger in both mechanical and intentional contingent conditions than in non-contingent conditions. In contrast, there was no significant difference between the ratings of patients with delusions of persecution for the conditions in which movement was animate. Patients with delusions of persecution perceived contingency when there was none in the animate non-contingent condition.Conclusions. The results suggest that delusions of persecution may be associated with the over-attribution of contingency to the actions of agents.